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  2. Chrysoberyl - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysoberyl

    An alexandrite cat's eye is a chrysoberyl cat's eye that changes color. "Milk and honey" is a term commonly used to describe the color of the best cat's eyes. The effect refers to the sharp milky ray of white light normally crossing the cabochon as a center line along its length and overlying the honey-colored background.

  3. Alexandrite effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandrite_effect

    The Alexandrite effect describes the phenomenon of light-induced colour changes in certain minerals. The effect was named after the alexandrite mineral, but it is also used to refer to similar processes in other minerals. The effect is thought to be caused by a combination of specific light characteristics, the spectral absorption of the ...

  4. Photochromism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photochromism

    Hackmanite before (top) and after (bottom) exposure to UV. Tenebrescence, also known as reversible photochromism, is the ability of minerals to change color when exposed to light. The effect can be repeated indefinitely, but is destroyed by heating. [10] Tenebrescent minerals include hackmanite, spodumene and tugtupite.

  5. Fluorescence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorescence

    Many types of calcite and amber will fluoresce under shortwave UV, longwave UV and visible light. Rubies, emeralds, and diamonds exhibit red fluorescence under long-wave UV, blue and sometimes green light; diamonds also emit light under X-ray radiation. Fluorescence in minerals is caused by a wide range of activators. In some cases, the ...

  6. Iridescence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iridescence

    Iridescence is caused by wave interference of light in microstructures or thin films. Examples of iridescence include soap bubbles, feathers, butterfly wings and seashell nacre, and minerals such as opal. Pearlescence is a related effect where some or most of the reflected light is white. The term pearlescent is used to describe certain paint ...

  7. Tetrachromacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrachromacy

    The four pigments in a bird's cone cells (in this example, estrildid finches) extend the range of color vision into the ultraviolet. [1]Tetrachromacy (from Greek tetra, meaning "four" and chroma, meaning "color") is the condition of possessing four independent channels for conveying color information, or possessing four types of cone cell in the eye.

  8. Opalescence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opalescence

    Opalescence or play of color is an optical phenomenon associated with the mineraloid gemstone opal, [1] a hydrated silicon dioxide. [2] This effect appears as a milky, translucent glow that changes with the angle of light, often creating a soft, pearly sheen that can display various colors or hues.

  9. Adularescence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adularescence

    As an optical phenomenon, adularescence exists only in the presence of light; it is a product of the interaction between light and the internal microstructures of the mineral and not a property of the mineral itself. The effect is produced by alternating layers of two types at a scale near the wavelength of light (approximately 0.5 micron ...