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By 1931, the tempering process was developed to control chocolate bloom, but it was not understood how it worked. The effects on the crystal structure were not understood until the 1970s. By the 1950s, the tempering process involved cooling chocolate to 86 °F (30 °C), until it was "mushy", then raised to 91.4 °F (33.0 °C) before it was molded.
Conching is a process used in the manufacture of chocolate whereby a surface scraping mixer and agitator, known as a conche, evenly distributes cocoa butter within chocolate and may act as a "polisher" of the particles. [1] It also promotes flavor development through frictional heat, release of volatiles and acids, and oxidation.
The cocoa bean, also known as cocoa (/ ˈ k oʊ. k oʊ /) or cacao (/ k ə ˈ k aʊ /), [1] is the dried and fully fermented seed of Theobroma cacao, the cacao tree, from which cocoa solids (a mixture of nonfat substances) and cocoa butter (the fat) can be extracted.
Cocoa also refers to cocoa powder and cocoa butter, which are two by-products of the cacao bean after it has undergone processing. [33] Cocoa and chocolate processing was first introduced in the country by Commonwealth Foods Inc. (ComFoods) in 1953, while Serg's Chocolate Products Inc. became the first modern chocolate manufacturing plant in ...
Starting in the 18th century, chocolate production was improved. In the 19th century, engine-powered milling was developed, [38] [39] and in 1828, Coenraad Johannes van Houten received a patent for a process making Dutch cocoa. This removed cocoa butter from chocolate liquor (the product of milling), and permitted large scale production of ...
Quarterly Bulletin of Cocoa Statistics (QBCS) provides reliable and up-to-date data analysis of Cocoa economy since 1960 on both Cocoa producing and Cocoa consuming countries According to ICCO QBCS most recent revised forecasts for the year 2023/2024 global productions and grindings declined by -11.7% to 4.461 million tonnes and by -4.3% to 4. ...
The first attempt to regulate market value and production was in 1947 through the Ghana Marketing Board, which dissolved in 1979 and was reconciled into Ghana Cocoa Board also called COCOBOD [9]. The Ghana Marketing Board was established by ordinance in 1947 with the sum of 27 million Ghanaian Cedi as its initial working capital.
The Dutch process was developed in the early 19th century by Dutch chocolate maker Coenraad Johannes van Houten, whose father Casparus was responsible for the development of the method of removing fat from cocoa beans by hydraulic press around 1828, forming the basis for cocoa powder. These developments greatly expanded the use of cocoa, and ...