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Concentrated solar power can achieve the high temperatures necessary to split water. Hydrosol-2 is a 100-kilowatt pilot plant at the Plataforma Solar de Almería in Spain which uses sunlight to obtain the required 800 to 1,200 °C (1,070 to 1,470 K; 1,470 to 2,190 °F) to split water. Hydrosol II has been in operation since 2008.
The semiconductor crucial to this process, absorbs sunlight, initiating electron excitation and subsequent water molecule splitting into hydrogen and oxygen. Photoanode Reaction (Oxygen Evolution): H2O → 2H++1 2O2+ 2e−. Photocathode Reaction (Hydrogen Evolution): 2H++ 2e− → H2. 41598 2017 11971
Pure water has a charge carrier density similar to semiconductors [12] [page needed] since it has a low autoionization, K w = 1.0×10 −14 at room temperature and thus pure water conducts current poorly, 0.055 μS/cm. [13] Unless a large potential is applied to increase the autoionization of water, electrolysis of pure water proceeds slowly ...
The combined company becomes the world's largest pure-play water technology company. The structure's projected pro forma revenue is $7.3 billion, with a global workforce of more than 22,000 employees. [12] The company's revenue for 2023 totalled $7.4 billion, exceeding the reported basis by 33%.
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The general function of the electrolyzer cell is to split water in the form of steam into pure H 2 and O 2. Steam is fed into the porous cathode. When a voltage is applied, the steam moves to the cathode-electrolyte interface and is reduced to form pure H 2 and oxygen ions. The hydrogen gas then diffuses back up through the cathode and is ...
Numerous schemes have been described as artificial photosynthesis. Photocatalytic water splitting, the conversion of water into hydrogen and oxygen:; 2 H 2 O → 2 H 2 + O 2 This scheme is the simplest form of artificial photosynthesis conceptually, but has not been demonstrated in any practicable way.