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The first academic houses were monastic halls. Of the dozens established during the 12th–15th centuries, none survived the Reformation.The modern Dominican permanent private hall of Blackfriars (1921) is a descendant of the original (1221), and is sometimes described as heir to the oldest tradition of teaching in Oxford.
The University of Oxford began to award doctorates for research in the first third of the 20th century. The first Oxford DPhil in mathematics was awarded in 1921. [60] The list of distinguished scholars at the University of Oxford is long and includes many who have made major contributions to politics, the sciences, medicine, and literature.
He later returned to Oxford University and became Master of Pembroke College. Oxford's second university, Oxford Brookes University, formerly the Oxford School of Art, then Oxford Polytechnic, based at Headington Hill, was given its charter in 1991 and for ten years has been voted the best new university in the UK. [41]
Oriel College [6] (/ ˈ ɔː r i əl /) is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in Oxford, England. [7] Located in Oriel Square, the college has the distinction of being the oldest royal foundation in Oxford (a title formerly claimed by University College, whose claim of being founded by King Alfred is no longer promoted).
Magdalen College (/ ˈ m ɔː d l ɪ n / MAWD-lin) [4] is a constituent college of the University of Oxford. [5] It was founded in 1458 by Bishop of Winchester William of Waynflete. [6] It is one of the wealthiest Oxford colleges, as of 2022, [3] and one of the strongest academically, setting the record for the highest Norrington Score in 2010 and topping the table twice since then. [7]
University College, formally The Master and Fellows of the College of the Great Hall of the University commonly called University College in the University of Oxford [6] and colloquially referred to as "Univ", [7] is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. [8]
Merton College (in full: The House or College of Scholars of Merton in the University of Oxford) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. [5] Its foundation can be traced back to the 1260s when Walter de Merton , chancellor to Henry III and later to Edward I , first drew up statutes for an independent academic ...
Somerville College, a constituent college of the University of Oxford [3] in England, was founded in 1879 as Somerville Hall, one of its first two women's colleges.Among its alumnae have been Margaret Thatcher, Indira Gandhi, Dorothy Hodgkin, Iris Murdoch, Philippa Foot, Vera Brittain and Dorothy L. Sayers.