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The European Union approved Stevia rebaudiana additives in 2011. [10] In Japan, stevia has been widely used as a sweetener for decades. [11] Stevia rebaudiana. The plant Stevia rebaudiana has been used for centuries by the Guaraní peoples of South America, who called it ka'a he'ê ("sweet herb"). [12]
The genus is native to South America, Central America, and Mexico, with several species found as far north as Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. [8] The genus primary grows in semi-dry mountainous terrains but can also grow in other habitats such as grasslands, scrublands, forested mountain slopes, conifer forests, and subalpine vegetation.
Stevia is widely grown for its leaves, from which extracts can be manufactured as sweetener products known generically as stevia and sold under various trade names. [4] The chemical compounds that produce its sweetness are various steviol glycosides (mainly stevioside and rebaudioside ), which have 200–300 times the sweetness of sugar.
Exports of Stevia extracts (especially sweeteners) and of the leaves during the period 2007–2014 reached a cumulative total of USD 7,600,000. [1] The main export destinations of Stevia from Paraguay in 2014 were the European Union (47%), China (37%), the wider Mercosur area [a] (11%), United States (1%), and Rest of the World (4%).
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Dried and powdered Stevia leaves. In a few species of plants the leaves are sweet and can be used as sweeteners. Stevia spp. can be used whole, or dried and powdered to sweeten food or drink. Uniquely, stevia contains no carbohydrates or calories. [17] Jiaogulan (Gynostemma pentaphyllum), has sweet leaves, although not as sweet as Stevia. [18]
Zevia is also the only calorie-free option on this list. The caffeine content also varies across flavors : Cola contains 45 mg, Dr. Zevia contains 42 mg, Mountain Zevia contains 55 mg, Vanilla ...
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