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Nitrogen cycle. Nitrification is the biological oxidation of ammonia to nitrate via the intermediary nitrite.Nitrification is an important step in the nitrogen cycle in soil.The process of complete nitrification may occur through separate organisms [1] or entirely within one organism, as in comammox bacteria.
Leaching is an important transport pathway for P losses from agricultural fields in predominantly flat areas with sandy soils or soils prone to preferential flow. [7] As opposed to nitrogen phosphorus does interact with soil particles via adsorption and desorption.
Leaching can occur naturally seen from plant substances (inorganic and organic), [2] [3] solute leaching in soil, [4] and in the decomposition of organic materials. [5] Leaching can also be applied affectedly to enhance water quality and contaminant removal, [ 1 ] [ 6 ] as well as for disposal of hazardous waste products such as fly ash , [ 7 ...
In the soil, acidification reduces microbial and macrofaunal diversity. [31] This can reduce soil structure decline which makes it more sensitive to erosion. There are less nutrients available in the soil, larger impact of toxic elements to plants, and consequences to soil biological functions (such as nitrogen fixation). [32]
Nitrogen leaching occurs when nitrogen compounds, primarily nitrates, move through the soil profile and enter groundwater, potentially contaminating drinking water sources. [2] To mitigate these environmental impacts, various nitrogen management strategies are employed in agriculture.
Nutrients in the soil are taken up by the plant through its roots, and in particular its root hairs.To be taken up by a plant, a nutrient element must be located near the root surface; however, the supply of nutrients in contact with the root is rapidly depleted within a distance of ca. 2 mm. [14] There are three basic mechanisms whereby nutrient ions dissolved in the soil solution are brought ...
Leaching removes substantial amounts of boron in sandy soil, but little in fine silt or clay soil. Boron's fixation to those minerals at high pH can render boron unavailable, while low pH frees the fixed boron, leaving it prone to leaching in wet climates.
Soil chemistry is the study of the chemical characteristics of soil.Soil chemistry is affected by mineral composition, organic matter and environmental factors. In the early 1870s a consulting chemist to the Royal Agricultural Society in England, named J. Thomas Way, performed many experiments on how soils exchange ions, and is considered the father of soil chemistry. [1]