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The early express cartridges used a heavy charge of black powder to propel a lightweight, often hollow point bullet, at high velocities to maximize point blank range. Later the express cartridges were loaded with nitrocellulose-based gunpowder, leading to the Nitro Express cartridges, the first of which was the .450 Nitro Express. [2]
The term "Express" was coined by James Purdey in 1856, derived from the express train, to publicise the bullet velocity of his double rifles and became common parlance for many rifle cartridges. The addition of the word "Nitro" stemmed from the propellant used in these cartridges, cordite, which is composed of nitrocellulose and nitroglycerine.
The .470 Nitro Express / 12.7x83mmR is a rifle cartridge developed by Joseph Lang in England for dangerous game hunting in Africa and India. This cartridge is used almost exclusively in double rifles .
The .360 No. 2 Nitro Express is a rimmed, bottlenecked cartridge designed for use in single shot and double rifles. [1] The .360 No. 2 Nitro Express fires a .367 in (9.3 mm) calibre, 320 gr (21 g) bullet at a velocity of 2,150 ft/s (660 m/s). As is common with cartridges for double rifles, due to the need to regulate the two barrels to the same ...
The .450/400 Nitro Express is a Nitro Express rifle cartridge that is produced in three case lengths: 2 3 ⁄ 8-inches, 3 inches and 3 1 ⁄ 4-inches, [2] and is intended for use in single shot and double rifles. The 3-inch and 3 1 ⁄ 4-inch versions are considered classic Nitro Express cartridges.
The .500 Nitro Express / 13x76mmR is a rifle cartridge designed for hunting large and dangerous game animals in Africa and India. [1] This cartridge was primarily designed for use in double rifles though various single shots were produced on the Farquarson action and at least one major company (Heym) produced it in bolt-action configuration.
The .500/450 Nitro Express is a rimmed bottlenecked cartridge designed for use in single-shot and double rifles. It is based on the old black-powder .500/450 Magnum Black Powder Express . It fires a .458-inch (11.6 mm) 480-grain (31 g) projectile at over 2,175 feet per second (663 m/s).
The .308 Marlin Express is a cartridge developed in 2007 by Marlin Firearms and Hornady. It is based on the .307 Winchester with a goal to duplicate .308 Winchester performance. The cartridge uses a slightly shorter, semi-rimmed case similar to that of the .220 Swift to function in lever-action rifles.