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In the fossil fuel industries, hydrocarbon refers to naturally occurring petroleum, natural gas and coal, or their hydrocarbon derivatives and purified forms. Combustion of hydrocarbons is the main source of the world's energy. Petroleum is the dominant raw-material source for organic commodity chemicals such as solvents and polymers.
Pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) consisting of four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system. The chemical formula is C 16 H 10. This yellow-green solid is the smallest peri-fused PAH (one where the rings are fused through more than one face). Pyrene forms during incomplete combustion of organic compounds. [10]
In chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting only of carbon and hydrogen. ... Coal (12 C, 69 P) Conjugated hydrocarbons (9 C, 5 P) Cycloalkanes (6 C ...
Undecane (also known as hendecane) is a liquid alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula CH 3 (CH 2) 9 CH 3. It is used as a mild sex attractant for various types of moths and cockroaches, and an alert signal for a variety of ants. [3] It has 159 isomers. [4]
Acetylene (systematic name: ethyne) is the chemical compound with the formula C 2 H 2 and structure H−C≡C−H.It is a hydrocarbon and the simplest alkyne. [8] This colorless gas is widely used as a fuel and a chemical building block.
Bromine test is used to test the saturation of hydrocarbons. [17] The bromine test can also be used as an indication of the degree of unsaturation for unsaturated hydrocarbons. Bromine number is defined as gram of bromine able to react with 100g of product. [18] Similar as hydrogenation, the halogenation of bromine is also depend on the number ...
Alkenes cause instability of hydrocarbon fuels. [9] Fluid catalytic cracking is a commonly used process, and a modern oil refinery will typically include a cat cracker, particularly at refineries in the US, due to the high demand for gasoline. [10] [11] [12] The process was first used around 1942 and employs a powdered catalyst. During WWII ...
It is composed of hydrocarbon molecules that typically contain between 6-20 carbon atoms per molecule, [12] predominantly containing 9 to 16 carbon atoms. [ 13 ] Regardless of crude oil source or processing history, kerosene's major components are branched- and straight-chain alkanes (hydrocarbon chains) and naphthenes (cycloalkanes), which ...