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Lichen islandicus L. (1753) Cetraria islandica , also known as true Iceland lichen [ 1 ] or Iceland moss , is an Arctic-alpine lichen whose erect or upright, leaflike habit gives it the appearance of a moss , where its name likely comes from.
Cetraria is a genus of fruticose lichens that associate with green algae as photobionts.Most species are found at high latitudes, occurring on sand or heath, and are characterised by their "strap-like" form with spiny lobe edges.
Cetraria arenaria, commonly known as the sand-loving Iceland lichen, [1] is a species of terricolous (ground-dwelling), fruticose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It was formally described as a new species in 1977 by the Norwegian lichenologist Ingvar Kärnefelt .
Lichens are symbiotic organisms that play an important role in the biogeochemical cycle on Earth. The characteristics of lichens, such as strong resistance to factors such as desiccation, ability to grow and break down rocks allow lichen to grow in different types of environment including highly nitrogen limited area such as subarctic heath.
Lichenin, also known as lichenan or moss starch, is a complex glucan occurring in certain species of lichens. It can be extracted from Cetraria islandica ( Iceland moss ). [ 1 ] It has been studied since about 1957.
Cetraria laevigata is a species of ground-dwelling, fruticose (bushy) lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It was formally described as a new species by Russian lichenologist Kseniya Aleksandrovna Rassadina in 1943. In North America, it is commonly known as the striped Iceland lichen. [1]