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Just offshore of the Florida Keys along the edge of the Florida Straits is the Florida Reef (also known as the Florida Reef Tract), separated from the keys by the Hawk Channel. The Florida Reef extends 170 miles (270 km) from Fowey Rocks just east of Soldier Key to just south of the Marquesas Keys.
Looe Key is a coral reef located within the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. It lies to the south of Big Pine Key. This reef is within a Sanctuary Preservation Area (SPA). Part of Looe Key is designated as "Research Only," an area which protects some of the patch reefs landward of the main reef.
The creation of Biscayne National Monument (which later became Biscayne National Park) in 1968 protected the northern part of the Florida Reef. In 1990 the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary was established, bringing all of the Florida reef into federal or state protection. [17]
The Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary protects approximately 2,900 square nautical miles (9,947 km 2; 3,840 sq mi) of coastal and ocean waters from the estuarine waters of South Florida along the Florida Keys archipelago and the Hawk Channel passage, encompassing more than 1,700 islands, out to the Dry Tortugas National Park, reaching into ...
The Key Largo National Marine Sanctuary was a National Marine Sanctuary in the waters in the Florida Keys in Florida in the United States that existed from 1975 to 1990. It was the second national marine sanctuary, and it protected the portion of a barrier reef beyond Florida state waters in John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park. [1]
Map of the southern portion of Biscayne Bay; The northern entrance to Hawk Channel can be seen directly east of Elliot Key within the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. The channel runs systemically with the Florida Current pushing water northward from the Atlantic with a velocity of 1.8 m/s (3.5 kn) and a mean transport of 30 Sv.