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Orion (Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle or Orion MPCV) is a partially reusable crewed spacecraft used in NASA's Artemis program.The spacecraft consists of a Crew Module (CM) space capsule designed by Lockheed Martin that is paired with a European Service Module (ESM) manufactured by Airbus Defence and Space.
Orion, as a later design, after the initial plans for the Crew Exploration Vehicle led to development of the Orion. The Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) was a component of the U.S. NASA Vision for Space Exploration plan. A competition was held to design a spacecraft that could carry humans to the destinations envisioned by the plan.
The Orion Crew Module is designed to be reusable, allowing NASA to construct a fleet of Orion crew modules. Despite the cancellation of the Constellation program, development of the Orion spacecraft continues, with a test launch performed on December 5, 2014.
Exploration Flight Test-1 or EFT-1 (previously known as Orion Flight Test 1 or OFT-1) was a technology demonstration mission and the first flight test of the crew module portion of the Orion spacecraft.
Crew size Length (m) Diameter (m) Launch mass (kg) Power system Recovery method Payload (kg) ‡ First spaceflight § Last spaceflight Flights § Mercury USA: McDonnell Aircraft North American Aviation: LEO attained: Redstone MRLV Atlas LV-3B: 1: 3.34: 1.89: 1,400 Batteries Parachute splashdown (one drogue, one main) 1961 (1960) 1963: 6 (12 ...
The Destiny-derived lab houses both the crew quarters and the ECLSS components. [4] 500 Day Mission – The 500 Day mission variant would consist of the same 60-day crew habitat and crew size. Mass increases would result from the addition of a Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM) to provide additional supply storage for the extended mission ...
The Commercial Crew Transportation Capability (CCtCap) is the second phase of the CPC and included the final development, testing and verifications to allow crewed demonstration flights to the ISS. [52] [53] NASA issued the draft CCtCap contract's Request For Proposals (RFP) on July 19, 2013, with a response date of August 15, 2013. [53]
The Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle (Orion MPCV) is equipped with a launch escape system. Orion has several abort modes. Orion has several abort modes. Some of these may not use the LAS itself, but would use the second stage of the SLS, or even the Orion vehicle's own propulsion system (the Aerojet AJ10 engine) instead.