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Libman–Sacks endocarditis involves formation of cardiac lesions that may take the form of vegetations or thickening of the valvular leaflets. [4][2] The vegetations are small and formed from strands of fibrin, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and histiocytes. [5] Vegetations are most often small-to-moderate in size (up to 10 mm), [4] but may ...
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), formerly known as IgG4-related systemic disease, is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by tissue infiltration with lymphocytes and IgG4 -secreting plasma cells, various degrees of fibrosis (scarring) and a usually prompt response to oral steroids.
Gilbert syndrome produces an elevated level of unconjugated bilirubin in the bloodstream, but normally has no consequences. Mild jaundice may appear under conditions of exertion, stress, fasting, and infections, but the condition is otherwise usually asymptomatic. [7][8] Severe cases are seen by yellowing of the skin tone and yellowing of the ...
Mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) is a term referring to one of two types of mast cell activation disorder (MCAD); the other type is idiopathic MCAD. [1] MCAS is an immunological condition in which mast cells inappropriately and excessively release chemical mediators, resulting in a range of chronic symptoms, sometimes including anaphylaxis or near-anaphylaxis attacks.
Cold agglutinin disease (CAD) is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of high concentrations of circulating cold sensitive antibodies, usually IgM and autoantibodies that are also active at temperatures below 30 °C (86 °F), [1] directed against red blood cells, causing them to agglutinate and undergo lysis. [2]
Discoid lupus erythematosus is the most common type of chronic cutaneous lupus (CCLE), an autoimmune skin condition on the lupus erythematosus spectrum of illnesses. [1] [2] It presents with red, painful, inflamed and coin-shaped patches of skin with a scaly and crusty appearance, most often on the scalp, cheeks, and ears.
The most common cause of temporary lymphocytopenia is a recent infection, such as the common cold. [citation needed]Lymphocytopenia, but not idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia, is associated with corticosteroid use, infections with HIV and other viral, bacterial, and fungal agents, malnutrition, systemic lupus erythematosus, [3] severe stress, [4] intense or prolonged physical exercise (due to ...
8.9 million (2015) [12] Coronary artery disease (CAD), also called coronary heart disease (CHD), ischemic heart disease (IHD), [13] myocardial ischemia, [14] or simply heart disease, involves the reduction of blood flow to the cardiac muscle due to build-up of atherosclerotic plaque in the arteries of the heart. [5][6][15] It is the most common ...