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  2. Anionic addition polymerization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anionic_addition...

    anionic polymerization: An ionic polymerization in which the kinetic-chain carriers are anions. [1] In polymer chemistry, anionic addition polymerization is a form of chain-growth polymerization or addition polymerization that involves the polymerization of monomers initiated with anions. The type of reaction has many manifestations, but ...

  3. Cationic polymerization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cationic_polymerization

    In polymer chemistry, cationic polymerization is a type of chain growth polymerization in which a cationic initiator transfers charge to a monomer, which then becomes reactive. This reactive monomer goes on to react similarly with other monomers to form a polymer. [2][3] The types of monomers necessary for cationic polymerization are limited to ...

  4. Surfactant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surfactant

    The head of an ionic surfactant carries a net positive, or negative, charge. If the charge is negative, the surfactant is more specifically called anionic; if the charge is positive, it is called cationic. If a surfactant contains a head with two oppositely charged groups, it is termed zwitterionic, or amphoteric. Commonly encountered ...

  5. Chain-growth polymerization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chain-growth_polymerization

    t. e. Chain-growth polymerization (AE) or chain-growth polymerisation (BE) is a polymerization technique where monomer molecules add onto the active site on a growing polymer chain one at a time. [1] There are a limited number of these active sites at any moment during the polymerization which gives this method its key characteristics.

  6. Ionic polymerization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionic_polymerization

    that usually are less reactive than non-aggregated species. Modified from the earlier definition. [1] In polymer chemistry, ionic polymerization is a chain-growth polymerization in which active centers are ions or ion pairs. [2] It can be considered as an alternative to radical polymerization, and may refer to anionic polymerization or cationic ...

  7. Living polymerization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Living_polymerization

    Living polymerization. In polymer chemistry, living polymerization is a form of chain growth polymerization where the ability of a growing polymer chain to terminate has been removed. [1][2] This can be accomplished in a variety of ways. Chain termination and chain transfer reactions are absent and the rate of chain initiation is also much ...

  8. Ring-opening polymerization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring-opening_polymerization

    In polymer chemistry, ring-opening polymerization (ROP) is a form of chain-growth polymerization in which the terminus of a polymer chain attacks cyclic monomers to form a longer polymer (see figure). The reactive center can be radical, anionic or cationic. Some cyclic monomers such as norbornene or cyclooctadiene can be polymerized to high ...

  9. Living cationic polymerization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Living_cationic_polymerization

    Living cationic polymerization is a living polymerization technique involving cationic propagating species. It enables the synthesis of very well defined polymers (low molar mass distribution) and of polymers with unusual architecture such as star polymers and block copolymers and living cationic polymerization is therefore as such of commercial and academic interest.