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PVDF is a specialty plastic used in applications requiring the highest purity, as well as resistance to solvents, acids and hydrocarbons. PVDF has low density 1.78 g/cm 3 in comparison to other fluoropolymers, like polytetrafluoroethylene. It is available in the form of piping products, sheet, tubing, films, plate and an insulator for premium wire.
First reported in 1971, ferroelectric polymers are polymer chains that must exhibit ferroelectric behavior, [4] hence piezoelectric [3] and pyroelectric behavior. [3]A ferroelectric polymer must contain permanent electrical polarization that can be reversed repeatedly, by an opposing electric field. [4]
piezoelectric voltage constant~0.079 Vm/N Bending using a tungsten probe d = 10 Wang et al. 2007 [91] BaTiO 3 - d 33 = 45 pC/N Direct tensile test d ~ 280 Jeong et al. 2014 [92] Alkaline niobate (KNLN) film d 33 = 310 pC/N - Park et al. 2010 [93] BaTiO 3: Thin film d 33 = 190 pC/N Stoppel et al. 2011 [94] AlN Thin film d 33 =5 pC/N AFM Lee et ...
The commercial atactic PVF film shows a melting point peak at 190 °C. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Several transition phases occur below the melting point , mainly at lower T g from -15 to ‑20 °C, and at upper T g with the temperature range of 40 to 50 °C.
PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) Kynar [7] Solef [8] Hylar [9] VF2: 175 PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) Sold by AGC under the tradename Fluon PTFE; Sold by Dupont and Chemours Company under the tradename Teflon; sold by Solvay Specialty Polymers under the tradenames Algoflon Hyflon and Polymist; sold by Daikin under the tradename Polyflon: TFE: 327
The use of thin film piezoelectric materials in electronics began in the early 1960s at Bell Telephone Laboratories/Bell Labs. Earlier piezoelectric crystals were developed and used as resonators in applications like oscillators with frequencies up to 100 MHz. Thinning was applied for increasing the resonance frequency of the crystals.