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Silicon carbide (SiC), also known as carborundum (/ ˌ k ɑːr b ə ˈ r ʌ n d əm /), is a hard chemical compound containing silicon and carbon. A wide bandgap semiconductor , it occurs in nature as the extremely rare mineral moissanite , but has been mass-produced as a powder and crystal since 1893 for use as an abrasive .
Silicon carbide (SiC) is unique in this regard as more than 250 polymorphs of silicon carbide had been identified by 2006, [1] with some of them having a lattice constant as long as 301.5 nm, about one thousand times the usual SiC lattice spacings.
Silicon carbide is commonly found around these stars, as deduced from their infrared spectra. [14] The discovery of silicon carbide in the Canyon Diablo meteorite and other places was delayed for a long time as carborundum (SiC) contamination had occurred from man-made abrasive tools. [12]
Silicon carbide was a useful material in jewelry making due to its abrasive properties, and this was the first commercial application of the Acheson process. [ 3 ] In the 1940s, first the Manhattan Project and then the Soviet atomic bomb project adopted Acheson process for nuclear graphite manufacturing (see details there).
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Organosilicon chemistry is the study of organometallic compounds containing carbon–silicon bonds, to which they are called organosilicon compounds. Most organosilicon compounds are similar to the ordinary organic compounds, being colourless, flammable, hydrophobic, and stable to air. Silicon carbide is an inorganic compound.