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Russian is an East Slavic language of the wider Indo-European family.It is a descendant of Old East Slavic, a language used in Kievan Rus', which was a loose conglomerate of East Slavic tribes from the late 9th to the mid-13th centuries.
The modern East Slavic languages descend from a common predecessor spoken in Kievan Rus' from the 9th to 13th centuries, which later evolved into Ruthenian, the chancery language of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the Dnieper river valley, and into medieval Russian in the Volga river valley, the language of the Russian principalities including ...
Russian is an East Slavic language of the Indo-European family. All Indo-European languages are descendants of a single prehistoric language, reconstructed as Proto-Indo-European , spoken sometime in the Neolithic era.
Balto-Slavic language tree. [citation needed] Linguistic maps of Slavic languagesSince the interwar period, scholars have conventionally divided Slavic languages, on the basis of geographical and genealogical principle, and with the use of the extralinguistic feature of script, into three main branches, that is, East, South, and West (from the vantage of linguistic features alone, there are ...
Old East Slavic [a] (traditionally also Old Russian) was a language (or a group of dialects) used by the East Slavs from the 7th or 8th century to the 13th or 14th century, [4] until it diverged into the Russian and Ruthenian languages. [5]
Of all the languages of Russia, Russian, the most widely spoken language, is the only official language at the national level. There are 25 other official languages , which are used in different regions of Russia.
Some surnames in those languages have been russified since the 19th century: the surname of Kazakh former president Nursultan Nazarbayev has a Russian "-yev" suffix, which literally means "of Nazar-bay" (in which "bay" is a Turkic native noble rank: compare Turkish "bey", Uzbek "boy" "bek", and Kyrghyz "bek"). The frequency of such ...
The East Slavs are the most populous subgroup of the Slavs. [3] They speak the East Slavic languages, [4] and formed the majority of the population of the medieval state Kievan Rus', which they claim as their cultural ancestor. [5] [6] Today Belarusians, Russians and Ukrainians are the existent East Slavic nations.