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In most people with malignant hyperthermia susceptibility, they have few or no symptoms unless they are exposed to a triggering agent. The most common triggering agents are volatile anesthetic gases, such as halothane , sevoflurane , desflurane , isoflurane , enflurane or the depolarizing muscle relaxants suxamethonium and decamethonium used ...
The diagnosis is suggested on patients with a history of drug exposure to the most common inducing agents such as strong antidopaminergic medications. [6] [40] The differential diagnosis includes serotonin syndrome, [41] encephalitis, toxic encephalopathy, status epilepticus, heat stroke, catatonia and malignant hyperthermia.
Like all the potent inhalational anaesthetic agents, it is a potent trigger for malignant hyperthermia. [5] Similarly, in common with the other potent inhalational agents, it relaxes uterine smooth muscle and this may increase blood loss during delivery or termination of pregnancy. [26]
Recreational drugs such as amphetamines [17] and cocaine, [18] PCP, dextromethorphan, LSD, and MDMA may cause hyperthermia. [2] Malignant hyperthermia is a rare reaction to common anesthetic agents (such as halothane) or the paralytic agent succinylcholine. Those who have this reaction, which is potentially fatal, have a genetic predisposition. [2]
patients with active hepatic disease; patients in whom spasticity is utilized to maintain upright posture and balance; patients with a hypersensitivity to dantrolene; There are no contraindications for intravenous dantrolene used for prophylaxis or management of malignant hyperthermia. [14]
Ischemic heart disease. An adrenal gland tumor known as pheochromocytoma. Kidney failure or another condition that requires dialysis. A recent history of heart attack. Low blood pressure.
RyR1 mutations are associated with malignant hyperthermia and central core disease. [17] Mutant-type RyR1 receptors exposed to volatile anesthetics or other triggering agents can display an increased affinity for cytoplasmic Ca 2+ at activating sites as well as a decreased cytoplasmic Ca 2+ affinity at inhibitory sites. [18]
New tests done by the Environmental Working Group have found 21 oat-based cereals and snack bars popular amongst children to have "troubling levels of glyphosate." The chemical, which is the ...