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The North Polar Basin, more commonly known as the Borealis Basin, is a large basin in the northern hemisphere of Mars that covers 40% of the planet. [1] [2] Some scientists have postulated that the basin formed during the impact of a single, large body roughly 2% of the mass of Mars, having a diameter of about 1,900 km (1,200 miles) early in the history of Mars, around 4.5 billion years ago.
Vastitas Borealis (Latin for 'northern waste') [1] is the largest lowland region of Mars. It is in the northerly latitudes of the planet and encircles the northern polar region . [ 2 ] Vastitas Borealis is often simply referred to as the northern plains , northern lowlands or the North polar erg [ 3 ] of Mars.
The region is in the broader North Polar/Borealis Basin that covers most of the Northern Hemisphere of Mars. The Utopia basin is estimated to have formed around 4.3-4.1 billion years ago. [6] [7] The impactor was likely around 400–700 kilometres (250–430 mi) in diameter. [8] [9] [10] The basin was subsequently mostly filled in, resulting in ...
The crater depth is 7,152 m (23,465 ft) below the standard topographic datum of Mars. [1] Hellas Planitia / ˈ h ɛ l ə s p l ə ˈ n ɪ ʃ i ə / is a plain located within the huge, roughly circular impact basin Hellas [a] located in the southern hemisphere of the planet Mars. [3] Hellas is the fourth- or fifth-largest known impact crater in ...
The Mars ocean theory states that nearly a third of the surface of Mars was covered by an ocean of ... would have filled the basin Vastitas Borealis in the northern ...
LOS ANGELES (Reuters) -NASA's rover Perseverance has gathered data confirming the existence of ancient lake sediments deposited by water that once filled a giant basin on Mars called Jerezo Crater ...
Olympia Undae lies within the informally named Borealis basin (also called the north polar basin [4]), the largest of three topographic basins that occur in the northern lowlands of Mars. [5] The average elevation in Olympia Undae is about 4,250 m below datum (martian "sea" level). [6]
Generalised geological map of Mars [1] Mars as seen by the Hubble Space Telescope. The geology of Mars is the scientific study of the surface, crust, and interior of the planet Mars. It emphasizes the composition, structure, history, and physical processes that shape the planet. It is analogous to the field of terrestrial geology.