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A mnemonic is a memory aid used to improve long-term memory and make the process of consolidation easier. Many chemistry aspects, rules, names of compounds, sequences of elements, their reactivity, etc., can be easily and efficiently memorized with the help of mnemonics.
Pump-probe techniques. Femtochemistry is the area of physical chemistry that studies chemical reactions on extremely short timescales (approximately 10 −15 seconds or one femtosecond, hence the name) in order to study the very act of atoms within molecules (reactants) rearranging themselves to form new molecules (products).
Stripping is a physical separation process where one or more components are removed from a liquid stream by a vapor stream. [1] In industrial applications the liquid and vapor streams can have co-current or countercurrent flows.
A recent development are computer-controlled stigmators, which usually use the Fourier transform of the image to find the ideal stigmator setting. The Fourier transform of an astigmatic image is usually elliptically shaped. [13] For a stigmatic image, it is round, this property can be used by algorithms to reduce the astigmatic aberration. [4]
Cathodic stripping voltammetry is a voltammetric method for quantitative determination of specific ionic species. [6] It is similar to the trace analysis method anodic stripping voltammetry, except that for the plating step, the potential is held at an oxidizing potential, and the oxidized species are stripped from the electrode by sweeping the potential negatively.
Chronoamperometry is the technique in which the current is measured, at a fixed potential, at different times since the start of polarisation. Chronoamperometry is typically carried out in unstirred solution and at the fixed electrode, i.e., under experimental conditions avoiding convection as the mass transfer to the electrode.
Atmospheric pressure (AP) matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is an ionization technique (ion source) that in contrast to vacuum MALDI operates at normal atmospheric environment. [32] The main difference between vacuum MALDI and AP-MALDI is the pressure in which the ions are created.
Robert Boyle's air pump. In the history of science, pneumatic chemistry is an area of scientific research of the seventeenth, eighteenth, and early nineteenth centuries. . Important goals of this work were the understanding of the physical properties of gases and how they relate to chemical reactions and, ultimately, the composition of