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There are several options of treatment when iatrogenic (i.e., caused by the surgeon) spinal accessory nerve damage is noted during surgery. For example, during a functional neck dissection that injures the spinal accessory nerve, injury prompts the surgeon to cautiously preserve branches of C2, C3, and C4 spinal nerves that provide supplemental innervation to the trapezius muscle. [3]
Injury to the spinal accessory nerve is most commonly caused by medical procedures that involve the head and neck. [4] Injury can cause wasting of the shoulder muscles, winging of the scapula, and weakness of shoulder abduction and external rotation. [5] The accessory nerve is derived from the basal plate of the embryonic spinal segments C1 ...
The accessory deep peroneal nerve is an anomalous nerve in which the nerve splits off from the common peroneal nerve and sometimes innervates the extensor digitorum brevis muscle. By itself, the condition is harmless but in conjunction with other neurological and structural defects in the area, can make the condition more difficult. [ 1 ]
A major function: controls muscles for voice and resonance and the soft palate. Symptoms of damage: dysphagia (swallowing problems), velopharyngeal insufficiency. This nerve is involved (together with nerve IX) in the pharyngeal reflex or gag reflex. XI Accessory. Sometimes: cranial accessory, spinal accessory. Mainly motor Cranial and Spinal Roots
The accessory nerve (CN XI) is particularly vulnerable to damage during lymph node biopsy. Damage results in an inability to shrug the shoulders or raise the arm above the head, particularly due to compromised trapezius muscle innervation.
The subclavian nerve may issue a branch called the accessory phrenic nerve [3] [2] which innervates the diaphragm. [3] The accessory phrenic nerve may rather branch from the C4 or C6 segments or ansa cervicalis. [4] This nerve usually joins with the phrenic nerve before innervating the diaphragm, ventral to the subclavian vein. [5]
Research also shows that lidocaine can help ease nerve pain in people with conditions like diabetes-related nerve damage, complex regional pain syndrome, cancer, and pain after breast surgery.
The pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve is the principal motor nerve of the pharynx. It represents the motor component of the pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve and ultimately provides motor innervation to most of the muscles of the soft palate (all but the tensor veli palatini muscle), and of the pharynx (all but the stylopharyngeus muscle). [1]