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Low and middle-income countries are more vulnerable due to the interaction of inadequate mental healthcare and increased vulnerability to the effects of climate related disasters. Specifically, flood and storm related PTSD are observed frequently for people residing in low and middle income areas impacted by climate disasters. [12]
In contrast to conventional psychiatric care, disaster psychiatry prioritizes mental health over disease states. The initial primary focus after a disaster is on individuals undergoing a transient and normal psychological response to a traumatic event. In this paradigm of care, less emphasis may be placed on assigning diagnostic labels prematurely.
A swift response by authorities to restore a sense of order and security can substantially reduce the risk of any long term psychological impact for most people. Though individuals who already had mental ill health, especially psychosis , can need intensive care, which can be challenging to deliver if local mental health services were disrupted ...
The impacts of discrete events such as natural disasters on mental health have been demonstrated through decades of research showing increased levels of PTSD, depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and even domestic violence following the experience of storms. [31] Emotional reactions to climate change are being studied. [32]
Several psychological organizations have been founded around climate psychology. [60] [61] [62] Scholars have pointed out that there is a need for a systemic approach to provide various resources for people in relation to the mental health impacts of ecological problems and climate change.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) [b] is a mental and behavioral disorder [8] that develops from experiencing a traumatic event, such as sexual assault, warfare, traffic collisions, child abuse, domestic violence, or other threats on a person's life or well-being.
Psychological first aid (PFA) is a technique designed to reduce the occurrence of post-traumatic stress disorder. It was developed by the National Center for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (NC-PTSD), a section of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs , in 2006.
These parallel the psychological distress associated with direct disaster exposure and include symptoms of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder [26] A 2011 study looked at the psychological impacts of the Gulf spill on Florida and Alabama communities.