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The association of amylase with some drugs has also been reported. [2] The macroamylase molecules are unable to pass through the kidneys and are therefore retained in the blood, leading to elevated levels of amylase in the bloodstream. In contrast, amylase urine levels are normal. [3]
The Phadebas Forensic Press test is used as a presumptive test for saliva. [5] Phadebas may be used to find saliva as a DNA source, or to identify the origin of a stain. The test is performed by placing paper bound with the Phadebas substrate to a sample, and applying pressure. [5]
A presumptive test to detect saliva is the alpha-amylase test also known as the Phadebas Test. [4] This detection technique is based on the activity of the enzyme alpha-amylase which breaks down starches from food into smaller oligosaccharide molecules, starting digestion in the mouth. [11]
An anti-α-amylase antibody is fixed at the test line. If human salivary amylase is present in the sample, it will form an antigen-antibody-colloidal gold complex upon deposition. These complexes react with the antibodies fixed at the test line to form a visible red line indicating the presence of human salivary α-amylase, and therefore, human ...
Urinalysis, a portmanteau of the words urine and analysis, [1] is a panel of medical tests that includes physical (macroscopic) examination of the urine, chemical evaluation using urine test strips, and microscopic examination.
Amylase may be measured in other body fluids, including urine and peritoneal fluid. A January 2007 study from Washington University in St. Louis suggests that saliva tests of the enzyme could be used to indicate sleep deficits , as the enzyme increases its activity in correlation with the length of time a subject has been deprived of sleep.
The starch iodine test, a development of the iodine test, is based on colour change, as α-amylase degrades starch and is commonly used in many applications. A similar but industrially produced test is the Phadebas amylase test, which is used as a qualitative and quantitative test within many industries, such as detergents, various flour, grain ...
It was first introduced as a method to detect reducing substances in urine by James B. Sumner [2] and has since been widely used, for example, for quantifying carbohydrate levels in blood. [3] It is mainly used in assay of alpha-amylase. However, enzymatic methods are usually preferred due to DNS's lack of specificity. [4]