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Animal rennet to be used in the manufacture of cheddar cheese. Rennet (/ ˈ r ɛ n ɪ t /) is a complex set of enzymes produced in the stomachs of ruminant mammals. Chymosin, its key component, is a protease enzyme that curdles the casein in milk. In addition to chymosin, rennet contains other enzymes, such as pepsin and a lipase.
Chymosin / ˈ k aɪ m ə s ɪ n / or rennin / ˈ r ɛ n ɪ n / is a protease found in rennet.It is an aspartic endopeptidase belonging to MEROPS A1 family. It is produced by newborn ruminant animals in the lining of the abomasum to curdle the milk they ingest, allowing a longer residence in the bowels and better absorption.
Rennet is an enzyme, originally collected from the stomach of a milk-fed calf (natural rennet). This enzyme is responsible for the coagulation of the milk proteins to produce curds. Cheese produced this way is neither vegetarian nor kosher. Coagulation can also be achieved using acids, but this method yields lower-quality cheddar.
A fresh cow is a dairy term for a cow (or a first-calf heifer in few regions) who has recently given birth, or "freshened." The adjective applying to cattle in general is usually bovine. The terms bull, cow and calf are also used by extension to denote the sex or age of other large animals, including whales, hippopotamus, camels, elk and elephants.
The abomasum, also known as the maw, [1] rennet-bag, [1] or reed tripe, [1] is the fourth and final stomach compartment in ruminants. It secretes rennet , which is used in cheese creation. The word abomasum ( ab- "away from" + omasum " intestine of an ox ") is from Neo-Latin and it was first used in English in 1706.
From each species of livestock that is a source of milk, a corresponding rennet is obtained from the intestines of milk-fed calves. Pig and calf intestines are eaten, and pig intestines are used as sausage casings. Calf intestines supply calf-intestinal alkaline phosphatase (CIP), and are used to make goldbeater's skin. Other uses are:
Tallow made by rendering calf suet. Tallow is a rendered form of beef or mutton suet, primarily made up of triglycerides. In industry, tallow is not strictly defined as beef or mutton suet. In this context, tallow is animal fat that conforms to certain technical criteria, including its melting point.
"Calf" is the term used from birth to weaning, when it becomes known as a weaner or weaner calf, though in some areas the term "calf" may be used until the animal is a yearling. The birth of a calf is known as calving. A calf that has lost its mother is an orphan calf, also known as a poddy or poddy-calf in British.