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Ammonium nonanoate is a nonsystemic, broad-spectrum contact herbicide that has no soil activity. [1] It can be used for the suppression and control of weeds, including grasses, vines, underbrush, and annual/perennial plants, including moss, saplings, and tree suckers. Ammonium nonanoate is marketed as an aqueous solutions, at room temperature ...
When it is injected into the hot exhaust gas stream, the water evaporates and the urea thermally decomposes [13] to form ammonia (NH 3) and isocyanic acid (HNCO): (NH 2) 2 CO → NH 3 + HNCO. The isocyanic acid reacts with the water vapor and hydrolyses to carbon dioxide and ammonia: HNCO + H 2 O → CO 2 + NH 3. Overall, thus far: (NH 2) 2 CO ...
Glyphosate is also used for crop desiccation to increase harvest yield and uniformity. [57] Glyphosate itself is not a chemical desiccant; rather crop desiccants are so named because application just before harvest kills the crop plants so that the food crop dries from normal environmental conditions ("dry-down") more quickly and evenly.
The nerve gas agent sarin, containing both C–P and F–P bonds, is a phosphonate. Phosphinates feature two P–C bonds, with the general formula R 2 P(=O)(OR'). A commercially significant member is the herbicide glufosinate. Similar to glyphosate mentioned above, it has the structure CH 3 P(O)(OH)CH 2 CH 2 CH(NH 2)CO 2 H.
The glyphosate-based herbicide RoundUp (styled: Roundup) was developed in the 1970s by Monsanto. Glyphosate was first registered for use in the U.S. in 1974. [4] Glyphosate-based herbicides were initially used in a similar way to paraquat and diquat, as non-selective herbicides. Attempts were made to apply them to row crops, but problems with ...
Glyphosate was found in 5–15% of cereal crop samples tested in the UK between 2000 and 2004, although never exceeding the Maximum Residue Level of 20 mg/kg. [22] A survey of British wheat in 2006-2008 found average levels of 0.05–0.22 mg/kg with maximum levels of 1.2 mg/kg.
There were 6,700 fuel stations selling autogas in 2014, supplying about 500,000 registered gas-fuelled cars (1.1 per cent of all cars in Germany). mylpg.eu lists 7.240 stations in 2016. In addition to filling stations, numerous suppliers of industrial gas run dedicated autogas stations on their premises.
The hydrogen atoms in the ammonium ion can be substituted with an alkyl group or some other organic group to form a substituted ammonium ion (IUPAC nomenclature: aminium ion). Depending on the number of organic groups, the ammonium cation is called a primary , secondary , tertiary , or quaternary .