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Coin of Vologases IV, king of Parthia, from 162 Busts of the co-emperors Marcus Aurelius (left) and Lucius Verus (right), British Museum. There was threat of war on other frontiers as well—in Britain, and in Raetia and Upper Germany, where the Chatti of the Taunus mountains had recently crossed over the limes. [11]
The Marcomannic Wars (Latin: bellum Germanicum et Sarmaticum [b] German and Sarmatian war) were a series of wars lasting from about AD 166 until 180.These wars pitted the Roman Empire against principally the Germanic Marcomanni and Quadi and the Sarmatian Iazyges; there were related conflicts with several other Germanic, Sarmatian, and Gothic peoples along both sides of the whole length of the ...
The major sources depicting the life and rule of Marcus Aurelius are patchy and frequently unreliable. The most important group of sources, the biographies contained in the Historia Augusta, claimed to be written by a group of authors at the turn of the 4th century AD, but it is believed they were in fact written by a single author (referred to here as 'the biographer') from about 395. [4]
Marble statue of Marcus Aurelius in the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, Copenhagen. The major sources for the life and rule of Marcus are patchy and frequently unreliable. The biographies contained in the Historia Augusta claim to be written by a group of authors at the turn of the 4th century, but are in fact written by a single author (referred to here as "the biographer of the Historia Augusta ...
Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius (r. 161–180 AD) ... Consequently, Caracalla made war on Parthia, conquering Arbil [165] and sacking the Parthian tombs there. [166]
The emperor Marcus Aurelius' Parthian War (161–166) against King Vologases IV. According to Greco-Roman historian Cassius Dio, a Parthian army led by the general Chosroes surrounded and annihilated an unspecified Roman legion in Armenia. This led to the suicide of its commander, the governor of Cappadocia, Marcus Sedatius Severianus. [16]
A final war against the Parthians was launched by the emperor Caracalla, who sacked Arbela in 216, but after his assassination, his successor Macrinus lost a battle against the Parthians at Nisibis and was forced to pay tribute to Parthia, that was the last engagement of the Parthian Wars.
Cassius rose to prominence rapidly c.164, under the co-emperors Lucius Verus and Marcus Aurelius, during the Parthian war of Lucius Verus, serving as legatus legionis or commander of Legio III Gallica. [2] In 165, he led Legio III Gallica down the Euphrates, and defeated the Parthians at Dura-Europos.