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Historically wooden jack planes in the United States have typically been 15–18 inches (380–460 mm) long, (180 to 230 mm) long with irons 1 + 3 ⁄ 4 – 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 inches (44–64 mm) wide. [3] Under the commonly used Stanley Bailey numbering system for metal-bodied planes the 14 inches (360 mm) long #5 plane is a jack. [4]
Craftsman No. 5 jack plane A hand plane in use. A hand plane is a tool for shaping wood using muscle power to force the cutting blade over the wood surface. Some rotary power planers are motorized power tools used for the same types of larger tasks, but are unsuitable for fine-scale planing, where a miniature hand plane is used.
U.S. Technical Air Intelligence Command (TAIC) tested two captured J2Ms using 92 octane fuel plus methanol and calculated maximum speeds using measurements. The J2M2 ("Jack 11") achieved a speed of 407 mph (655 km/h) at 17,400 ft (5,300 m), [5] and the J2M3 ("Jack 21") achieved a speed of 417 mph (671 km/h) at 16,600 ft (5,100 m).
The name fore plane dates back to at least the 17th century in Britain, and was named fore plane because it would be used on a workpiece before other planes. [5] The name fore plane is sometimes used synonymously with the jack plane, while in 17th century Britain the term fore plane was used more by joiners or cabinet makers, and jack plane by carpenters.
The smoothing plane is the shortest of the bench planes. [2] Under the Stanley Bailey numbering system for metal-bodied planes #1 to #4 are smoothing planes, with lengths ranging from 5 + 1 ⁄ 2 inches (140 mm) to 10 inches (250 mm). [3] The #4 plane, which is 9 inches (230 mm) in length, is the most common smoothing plane in use.
In thicknessing or preparing rough stock, the jointer plane is usually preceded by the fore plane or jack plane and followed by the smoothing plane. [2] [3] Jointer planes are typically 20 to 24 inches (510 to 610 mm) long, and are the longest hand planes commonly used. [2] Under the Stanley Bailey numbering system, #7 and #8 planes are jointer ...