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Venera 4 (Russian: Венера-4, lit. 'Venus-4'), also designated 4V-1 No.310, was a probe in the Soviet Venera program for the exploration of Venus.The probe comprised a lander, designed to enter the Venusian atmosphere and parachute to the surface, and a carrier/flyby spacecraft, which carried the lander to Venus and served as a communications relay for it.
The first Soviet attempt at a flyby probe to Venus was launched on 4 February 1961, but failed to leave Earth orbit. In keeping with the Soviet policy at that time of not announcing details of failed missions, the launch was announced under the name Tyazhely Sputnik ("Heavy Satellite"). It is also known as Venera 1VA. [2]
Capsule of Venera-4 in Memorial Museum of Astronautics. The descent capsule of Venera 4 entered the atmosphere of Venus on October 18, 1967, making it the first probe to return direct measurements from another planet's atmosphere. The capsule measured temperature, pressure, density and performed 11 automatic chemical experiments to analyze the ...
(3MV-1 No.4) 2 April 1964: OKB-1 Soviet Union: Flyby/Lander Spacecraft failure Electronics shorted out, communications lost before flyby. [11] Flew past Venus on 14 July 1964. Molniya-M: Venera 2 (3MV-4 No.4) 12 November 1965: OKB-1 Soviet Union: Flyby Spacecraft failure Flew past Venus on 27 February 1966, closest approach at 02:52 UTC.
In 1967, Venera 4 found Venus's magnetic field to be much weaker than that of Earth. This magnetic field is induced by an interaction between the ionosphere and the solar wind , [ 78 ] [ 79 ] [ page needed ] rather than by an internal dynamo as in the Earth's core .
Venera 3: USSR: 1 March 1966: Probably around -20° to 20° N, 60° to 80° E: First impact on the surface of another planet. Contact lost before atmospheric entry. Venera 4: USSR: 23 October 1967: Estimated near 1] Crushed by atmospheric pressure before impact. Venera 5: USSR: 16 May 1969
4. This category is related to parts of a classic four-word phrase/song (hint: look closely at the beginning of each word). Related: 300 Trivia Questions and Answers to Jumpstart Your Fun Game Night.
In 1967, Venera 4 confirmed that the atmosphere consisted primarily of carbon dioxide. [98] The upper atmosphere of Venus can be measured from Earth when the planet crosses the sun in a rare event known as a solar transit. The last solar transit of Venus occurred in 2012.