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  2. Row- and column-major order - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Row-_and_column-major_order

    More generally, there are d! possible orders for a given array, one for each permutation of dimensions (with row-major and column-order just 2 special cases), although the lists of stride values are not necessarily permutations of each other, e.g., in the 2-by-3 example above, the strides are (3,1) for row-major and (1,2) for column-major.

  3. Programming by permutation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming_by_permutation

    Programming by permutation, sometimes called "programming by accident" or "shotgunning", is an approach to software development wherein a programming problem is solved by iteratively making small changes (permutations) and testing each change to see if it behaves as desired. This approach sometimes seems attractive when the programmer does not ...

  4. Permutation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permutation

    Permutations without repetition on the left, with repetition to their right. If M is a finite multiset, then a multiset permutation is an ordered arrangement of elements of M in which each element appears a number of times equal exactly to its multiplicity in M. An anagram of a word having some repeated letters is an example of a multiset ...

  5. Lexicographic order - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexicographic_order

    Orderings of the 24 permutations of {1,...,5} that are 5-cycles (in blue). The inversion vectors (in red) of permutations in colex order are in revcolex order, and vice versa. The colexicographic or colex order is a variant of the lexicographical order that is obtained by reading finite sequences from the right to the left instead of reading ...

  6. Longest increasing subsequence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_increasing_subsequence

    However, for the special case in which the input is a permutation of the integers ,, …,, this approach can be made much more efficient, leading to time bounds of the form (⁡ ⁡). [4] The largest clique in a permutation graph corresponds to the longest decreasing subsequence of the permutation that defines the graph (assuming the original ...

  7. Multiset - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiset

    One of the simplest and most natural examples is the multiset of prime factors of a natural number n. Here the underlying set of elements is the set of prime factors of n. For example, the number 120 has the prime factorization =, which gives the multiset {2, 2, 2, 3, 5}.

  8. Heap's algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heap's_algorithm

    In a 1977 review of permutation-generating algorithms, Robert Sedgewick concluded that it was at that time the most effective algorithm for generating permutations by computer. [2] The sequence of permutations of n objects generated by Heap's algorithm is the beginning of the sequence of permutations of n+1 objects.

  9. Stirling numbers of the first kind - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stirling_numbers_of_the...

    These identities may be derived by enumerating permutations directly. For example, a permutation of n elements with n − 3 cycles must have one of the following forms: n − 6 fixed points and three two-cycles; n − 5 fixed points, a three-cycle and a two-cycle, or; n − 4 fixed points and a four-cycle.