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Hornet stings are more painful to humans than typical wasp stings because hornet venom contains a large amount (5%) of acetylcholine. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] Individual hornets can sting repeatedly. Unlike honey bees , hornets do not die after stinging because their stingers are very finely barbed (only visible under high magnification) and can easily be ...
The European hornet is a wasp-waisted Apocritan with a sting, not a Symphytan. Many species of sawfly have retained their ancestral attributes throughout time, specifically their plant-eating habits, wing veins and the unmodified abdomen, where the first two segments appear like the succeeding segments. [ 30 ]
Hymenoptera is a large order of insects, comprising the sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants.Over 150,000 living species of Hymenoptera have been described, [2] [3] in addition to over 2,000 extinct ones. [4]
European hornets have been observed to steal prey from spiders, which can be classified as an example of kleptoparasitism. This behavior was first documented in 2011 against a yellow garden spider, Argiope aurantia. A European hornet flew into the spider’s web and appeared entangled.
The butterflies form the clade Rhopalocera, which is composed of three superfamilies: Hedyloidea (the moth butterfly family Hedylidae), the Hesperioidea (the skipper family Hesperiidae), and the Papilionoidea (the true butterfly families Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae, Lycaenidae, and Riodinidae). All of these families are monophyletic.
The hoverfly Spilomyia longicornis is an imperfect Batesian mimic of wasps, lacking their long antennae and wasp waist. In imperfect Batesian mimicry, the mimics do not exactly resemble their models. An example of this is the fly Spilomyia longicornis, which mimics vespid wasps. However, it is not a perfect mimic.
Plants evolved chemical defenses against this herbivory and the insects in turn evolved mechanisms to deal with plant toxins. [5] These toxins limit the diet breadth of herbivores, and evolving mechanisms to nonetheless continue herbivory is an important part of maintaining diet breadth in insects, and so in their evolutionary history as a whole.
The hornet robberfly, Asilus crabroniformis, is a species of predatory insect in the family Asilidae. Reaching more than 25 mm in body length, it is one of the largest flies in the United Kingdom. [1] [2] and feeds on grasshoppers, dung beetles and other flies. [3]