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Sodium cyanide is produced by treating hydrogen cyanide with sodium hydroxide: [4] HCN + NaOH → NaCN + H 2 O. Worldwide production was estimated at 500,000 tons in the year 2006. Formerly it was prepared by the Castner process involving the reaction of sodium amide with carbon at elevated temperatures. NaNH 2 + C → NaCN + H 2
Among the most toxic cyanides are hydrogen cyanide (HCN), sodium cyanide (NaCN), potassium cyanide (KCN), and calcium cyanide (Ca(CN) 2). The cyanide anion is an inhibitor of the enzyme cytochrome c oxidase (also known as aa 3 ), the fourth complex of the electron transport chain found in the inner membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells.
Cyanogen is typically generated from cyanide compounds. One laboratory method entails thermal decomposition of mercuric cyanide: . 2 Hg(CN) 2 → (CN) 2 + Hg 2 (CN) 2 Or, one can combine solutions of copper(II) salts (such as copper(II) sulfate) with cyanides; an unstable copper(II) cyanide is formed which rapidly decomposes into copper(I) cyanide and cyanogen.
CaCN 2 + 3 H 2 O → 2 NH 3 + CaCO 3. It was used to produce sodium cyanide by fusing with sodium carbonate: CaCN 2 + Na 2 CO 3 + 2 C → 2 NaCN + CaO + 2 CO. Sodium cyanide is used in cyanide process in gold mining. It can also be used in the preparation of calcium cyanide and melamine.
Cyanogen iodide or iodine cyanide (ICN) is a pseudohalogen composed of iodine and the cyanide group. It is a highly toxic inorganic compound. It is a highly toxic inorganic compound. It occurs as white crystals that react slowly with water to form hydrogen cyanide .
Nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) is the aminopolycarboxylic acid with the formula N(CH 2 CO 2 H) 3. It is a colourless solid. It is a colourless solid. Its conjugate base nitrilotriacetate is used as a chelating agent for Ca 2+ , Co 2+ , Cu 2+ , and Fe 3+ .
It is an azide compound of carbon and nitrogen. It is an oily, colourless liquid at room temperature. [2] It is a highly explosive chemical that is soluble in most organic solvents, and normally handled in dilute solution in this form. [2] [3] [4] It was first synthesised by F. D. Marsh at DuPont in the early 1960s.
The carbon and chlorine atoms are linked by a single bond, and carbon and nitrogen by a triple bond. It is a linear molecule, as are the related cyanogen halides (NCF, NCBr, NCI). Cyanogen chloride is produced by the oxidation of sodium cyanide with chlorine. This reaction proceeds via the intermediate cyanogen ((CN) 2). [4] NaCN + Cl 2 → ...