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The Morse potential, named after physicist Philip M. Morse, is a convenient interatomic interaction model for the potential energy of a diatomic molecule.It is a better approximation for the vibrational structure of the molecule than the quantum harmonic oscillator because it explicitly includes the effects of bond breaking, such as the existence of unbound states.
Interatomic potential; Bond order potential; EAM potential; Coulomb potential; Buckingham potential; Lennard-Jones potential; Morse potential; Morse/Long-range potential; Rosen–Morse potential; Trigonometric Rosen–Morse potential; Stockmayer potential; Pöschl–Teller potential; Axilrod–Teller potential; Mie potential
An example is the Morse/Long-range potential. It is helpful to use the analogy of a landscape: for a system with two degrees of freedom (e.g. two bond lengths), the value of the energy (analogy: the height of the land) is a function of two bond lengths (analogy: the coordinates of the position on the ground).
a parallelism that explains the potential's name. The most prominent application concerns the (+,,) parametrization, with non-negative integer, and is due to Schrödinger [3] who intended to formulate the hydrogen atom problem on Albert Einstein's closed universe, , the direct product of a time line with a three-dimensional closed space of positive constant curvature, the hypersphere, and ...
The Morse potential has been applied to studies of molecular vibrations and solids, [22] and also inspired the functional form of more accurate potentials such as the bond-order potentials. Ionic materials are often described by a sum of a short-range repulsive term, such as the Buckingham pair potential , and a long-range Coulomb potential ...
The particle in a spherically symmetric potential. The hydrogen atom or hydrogen-like atom e.g. positronium; The hydrogen atom in a spherical cavity with Dirichlet boundary conditions [4] The Mie potential [5] The Hooke's atom; The Morse potential; The Spherium atom; Zero range interaction in a harmonic trap [6] Multistate Landau–Zener models [7]
When functional forms of the potential terms vary or are mixed, the parameters from one interatomic potential function can typically not be used together with another interatomic potential function. [33] In some cases, modifications can be made with minor effort, for example, between 9-6 Lennard-Jones potentials to 12-6 Lennard-Jones potentials ...
In the quantum mechanical picture, the vibrational levels and vibrational wavefunctions are those of quantum harmonic oscillators, or of more complex approximations to the potential energy of molecules, such as the Morse potential. Figure 1 illustrates the Franck–Condon principle for vibronic transitions in a molecule with Morse-like ...