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The metal sheathing of Cutty Sark, made from the copper alloy Muntz metal. Copper sheathing is a method for protecting the hull of a wooden vessel from attack by shipworm, barnacles and other marine growth through the use of copper plates affixed to the surface of the hull, below the waterline.
The copper sheathing had been delivered to the dockyard wrapped in the paper which was not always removed before the sheets were nailed to the hull. The conclusion therefore reported to the Admiralty in 1763 was that iron should not be allowed direct contact with copper in sea water. [10] [11]
Sacrificial anodes made from iron attached to the copper sheath of the hull below the waterline dramatically reduced the corrosion rate of the copper. However, a side effect of cathodic protection was the increase in marine growth. Usually, copper when corroding releases copper ions which have an anti-fouling effect.
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Satisfied that the copper had had the desired effect, the Admiralty introduced copper sheathing on a number of frigates. In 1776 Alarm was resurveyed. It was soon discovered that the sheathing had become detached from the hull in many places because the iron nails which had been used to fasten the copper to the timbers had been "much rotted".
Hull speed – Speed at which the wavelength of a vessel's bow wave is equal to the waterline length; Lift (force) – Force perpendicular to flow of surrounding fluid; Monohull – Type of boat or ship having only one hull; Multihull – Ship or boat with more than one hull; Naval architecture – Engineering discipline of marine vessels
Both vessels were constructed using the Vitruvian method, a shell-first building technique used by the Romans. [1] Step 1: construction of the profile. Step 2: construction of the keel and the flat bottom up to the second order of cincti, in two phases. Step 3: construction of the shell up to the third wale (topgallant bulwarks).
A scupper is an opening in the side walls of a vessel or an open-air structure, which allows water to drain instead of pooling within the bulwark or gunwales of a vessel, or within the curbing or walls of a building. Ship's bulwark. 1. Gunwale, 2. Bulwark plating, 3. Flange, 4. Stanchion, 5. Stringer plate, 6. Stringer angle, 7. Sheerstrake.