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In ancient Greek religion and Greek mythology, Dione (/ d aɪ ˈ oʊ n iː /; Ancient Greek: Διώνη, romanized: Diṓnē, lit. 'she-Zeus') is an oracular goddess, a Titaness [1] primarily known from Book V of Homer's Iliad, where she tends to the wounds suffered by her daughter Aphrodite.
Károly Kerényi notes in this context that the name Dione resembles the Latin name Diana, and is a feminine form of the name Zeus (cf Latin deus, god), hence meaning "goddess of the bright sky". [3] This association does not prevent her, however, from being worshipped along with Zeus as a deity of springs, making her a water-goddess. [3]
Artemis (seated and wearing a radiate crown), the beautiful nymph Callisto (left), Eros and other nymphs. Antique fresco from Pompeii. In Greek mythology, Callisto (/ k ə ˈ l ɪ s t oʊ /; Ancient Greek: Καλλιστώ Ancient Greek pronunciation: [kallistɔ̌ː]) was a nymph, or the daughter of King Lycaon; the myth varies in such details.
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After the Titanomachy, the 10-year war among the immortals, she was pursued by Zeus and they got married. [7] [2] Zeus himself is titled Metieta (Ancient Greek: Μητίετα, lit. 'the wise counsellor'), in the Homeric poems. Metis was both a threat to Zeus and an indispensable aid. [8] He lay with her, but immediately feared the consequences.
The sculptures of the Temple of Zeus at Olympia have as their unifying iconographical conception the dikē of Zeus, [3] and in poetry she is often the attendant (πάρεδρος, paredros) of Zeus. [4] In the philosophical climate of late 5th century Athens, dikē could be anthropomorphised [5] as a goddess of moral justice. [6]
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Her name is the female version of the word euphrosynos, "merriment". Pindar wrote that these goddesses were created to fill the world with pleasant moments and good will. [9] The Charites attended the goddess of beauty Aphrodite. [10] In art, Euphrosyne is usually depicted with her sisters dancing. [8]