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Negative polarity can be indicated by negating words or particles such as the English not, or the Japanese affix-nai, or by other means, which reverses the meaning of the predicate. The process of converting affirmative to negative is called negation – the grammatical rules for negation vary from language to language, and a given language may ...
In logic, a set of symbols is commonly used to express logical representation. The following table lists many common symbols, together with their name, how they should be read out loud, and the related field of mathematics.
In logic, negation, also called the logical not or logical complement, is an operation that takes a proposition to another proposition "not ", written , , ′ [1] or ¯. [citation needed] It is interpreted intuitively as being true when is false, and false when is true.
A double negative is a construction occurring when two forms of grammatical negation are used in the same sentence. This is typically used to convey a different shade of meaning from a strictly positive sentence ("You're not unattractive" vs "You're attractive").
A negation is a negative polarity item, abbreviated NPI or NEG. The linguistic environment in which a polarity item appears is a licensing context . In the simplest case, an affirmative statement provides a licensing context for a PPI, while negation provides a licensing context for an NPI.
However, it does not hold in all logics, including, for example, non-monotonic logic, probabilistic logic and default logic. The reason for this is that these logics describe defeasible reasoning , and conditionals that appear in real-world contexts typically allow for exceptions, default assumptions, ceteris paribus conditions, or just simple ...
Truth conditions of a sentence do not necessarily reflect current reality. They are merely the conditions under which the statement would be true. [1] More formally, a truth condition makes for the truth of a sentence in an inductive definition of truth (for details, see the semantic theory of truth).
Dryer [1] defined three different types of negative markers in language. Beside negative particles and negative affixes, negative verbs play a role in various languages. The negative verb is used to implement a clausal negation. The negative predicate counts as a semantic function and is localized and therefore grammaticalized in different ...