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It is more common that scattering centers are grouped together; in such cases, radiation may scatter many times, in what is known as multiple scattering. [11] The main difference between the effects of single and multiple scattering is that single scattering can usually be treated as a random phenomenon, whereas multiple scattering, somewhat ...
Dispersion is a process by which (in the case of solid dispersing in a liquid) agglomerated particles are separated from each other, and a new interface between the inner surface of the liquid dispersion medium and the surface of the dispersed particles is generated. This process is facilitated by molecular diffusion and convection. [4]
In biochemical spectroscopy, information can be gathered about biological tissue by absorption and light scattering techniques. Light scattering spectroscopy is a type of reflectance spectroscopy that determines tissue structures by examining elastic scattering. [10] In such a case, it is the tissue that acts as a diffraction or dispersion ...
Multiple-scattering effects of light scattering by particles are treated by radiative transfer techniques (see, e.g. atmospheric radiative transfer codes). The relative size of a scattering particle is defined by its size parameter x, which is the ratio of its characteristic dimension to its wavelength:
Multiple light scattering coupled with vertical scanning is one of many techniques monitor the dispersion state of a product, identifying and quantifying destabilisation phenomena. [2] [3] [4] It works on concentrated dispersions without dilution. When light is sent through the sample, it is backscattered by the particles / droplets.
In a statistical sense, elastic scattering of light by numerous particles much smaller than the wavelength of the light is a process known as Rayleigh scattering while the similar process for scattering by particles that are similar or larger in wavelength is known as Mie scattering with the Tyndall effect being a commonly observed result.
Tyndall scattering, i.e. colloidal particle scattering, [7] is much more intense than Rayleigh scattering due to the bigger particle sizes involved. [ citation needed ] The importance of the particle size factor for intensity can be seen in the large exponent it has in the mathematical statement of the intensity of Rayleigh scattering.
where m is the Bragg order (a positive integer), λ B the diffracted wavelength, Λ the fringe spacing of the grating, θ the angle between the incident beam and the normal (N) of the entrance surface and φ the angle between the normal and the grating vector (K G). Radiation that does not match Bragg's law will pass through the VBG undiffracted.