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It has the chemical formula CuFe 2 S 3 and when found, it has a bronze to brass-yellow appearance. On the Mohs hardness scale, cubanite falls between 3.5 and 4 and has a orthorhombic crystal system. [2] Cubanite is chemically similar to chalcopyrite; however, it is the less common copper iron sulfide mineral due to crystallization requirements.
Chalcopyrite is an exception to most copper bearing minerals. In contrast to the majority of copper minerals which can be leached at atmospheric conditions, such as through heap leaching , chalcopyrite is a refractory mineral that requires elevated temperatures as well as oxidizing conditions to release its copper into solution. [ 25 ]
Talnakhite is a mineral of chalcopyrite group with formula: Cu 9 (Fe, Ni) 8 S 16. [2] It was named after the Talnakh ore deposit, near Norilsk in Western Siberia, Russia where it was discovered as reported in 1963 by I. Budko and E. Kulagov. [3]
Covellite (gray) replacing and embaying chalcopyrite (light), polished section from Horn Silver Mine, San Francisco Mining District, Utah. Enlarged to 210 diameters. Enlarged to 210 diameters. Covellite (also known as covelline ) is a rare copper sulfide mineral with the formula CuS. [ 4 ]
Sperrylite on chalcopyrite with magnetite, Oktyabersky Mine, Norilsk. Field of view 2.2 cm. Field of view 2.2 cm. Sperrylite is a platinum arsenide mineral with the chemical formula PtAs 2 and is an opaque metallic tin white mineral which crystallizes in the isometric system with the pyrite group structure.
Eskebornite is a selenide mineral with the formula Cu Fe Se 2. [2] [3] It crystallizes in the tetragonal system and it has a brassy colour. Eskebornite is sometimes found as thick tabular crystals, but is more often found intergrown with other selenides. [4] It is part of the chalcopyrite group and forms a series with chalcopyrite. [5]
Bornite is an important copper ore mineral and occurs widely in porphyry copper deposits along with the more common chalcopyrite.Chalcopyrite and bornite are both typically replaced by chalcocite and covellite in the supergene enrichment zone of copper deposits.
Digenite occurs in the transitional zone of supergene oxidation of primary sulfide ore deposits, at the interface between the upper and lower saprolite ore zones. It is rarely an important mineral for copper ores, as it is more usually replaced by chalcocite further up in the weathering profile, and is a minor weathering product of primary chalcopyrite.