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It has the chemical formula CuFe 2 S 3 and when found, it has a bronze to brass-yellow appearance. On the Mohs hardness scale, cubanite falls between 3.5 and 4 and has a orthorhombic crystal system. [2] Cubanite is chemically similar to chalcopyrite; however, it is the less common copper iron sulfide mineral due to crystallization requirements.
Chalcopyrite is an exception to most copper bearing minerals. In contrast to the majority of copper minerals which can be leached at atmospheric conditions, such as through heap leaching , chalcopyrite is a refractory mineral that requires elevated temperatures as well as oxidizing conditions to release its copper into solution. [ 25 ]
Sperrylite on chalcopyrite with magnetite, Oktyabersky Mine, Norilsk. Field of view 2.2 cm. Field of view 2.2 cm. Sperrylite is a platinum arsenide mineral with the chemical formula PtAs 2 and is an opaque metallic tin white mineral which crystallizes in the isometric system with the pyrite group structure.
Covellite (gray) replacing and embaying chalcopyrite (light), polished section from Horn Silver Mine, San Francisco Mining District, Utah. Enlarged to 210 diameters. Enlarged to 210 diameters. Covellite (also known as covelline ) is a rare copper sulfide mineral with the formula CuS. [ 4 ]
Bornite is an important copper ore mineral and occurs widely in porphyry copper deposits along with the more common chalcopyrite.Chalcopyrite and bornite are both typically replaced by chalcocite and covellite in the supergene enrichment zone of copper deposits.
Acanthite is a form of silver sulfide with the chemical formula Ag 2 S. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system and is the stable form of silver sulfide below 173 °C (343 °F). Argentite is the stable form above that temperature. As argentite cools below that temperature its cubic form is distorted to the monoclinic form of acanthite.
Associated minerals include: arsenopyrite, barite, silver, cobaltite, pyrrhotite, pentlandite, chalcopyrite, breithauptite and maucherite. Nickeline alters to annabergite (a coating of green nickel arsenate) on exposure to moist air. Most of these minerals can be found in the areas surrounding Sudbury and Cobalt, Ontario. Other localities ...
Digenite occurs in the transitional zone of supergene oxidation of primary sulfide ore deposits, at the interface between the upper and lower saprolite ore zones. It is rarely an important mineral for copper ores, as it is more usually replaced by chalcocite further up in the weathering profile, and is a minor weathering product of primary chalcopyrite.