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Lymphoma may present with certain nonspecific symptoms; if the symptoms are persistent, an evaluation to determine their cause, including possible lymphoma, should be undertaken. Lymphadenopathy [19] [20] or swelling of lymph nodes, is the primary presentation in lymphoma. It is generally painless.
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), also known as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, is a group of blood cancers that includes all types of lymphomas except Hodgkin lymphomas. [1] Symptoms include enlarged lymph nodes, fever, night sweats, weight loss, and tiredness. [1] Other symptoms may include bone pain, chest pain, or itchiness. [1]
The causes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma are not well understood. Usually DLBCL arises from normal B cells, but it can also represent a malignant transformation of other types of lymphoma (particularly marginal zone lymphomas [7]) or, in rare cases termed Richter's transformation, chronic lymphocytic leukemia. [8]
Histopathology of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma occurring in the tonsil. H&E stain. Lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) refer to a specific class of diagnoses, comprising a group of several conditions, in which lymphocytes are produced in excessive quantities. These disorders primarily present in patients who have a compromised immune system.
Hematological malignancies are malignant neoplasms ("cancer"), and they are generally treated by specialists in hematology and/or oncology. In some centers "hematology/oncology" is a single subspecialty of internal medicine while in others they are considered separate divisions (there are also surgical and radiation oncologists).
Burkitt lymphoma is a very aggressive cancer, which can quickly metastasize and spread throughout the body if the cancer is not treated quickly. If the patient is left untreated, or if treatment is initiated too late, Burkitt lymphoma can be fatal. [4] Burkitt lymphoma in children often has a better prognosis than the same cancer in an adult.
Intravascular lymphomas (IVL) are rare cancers in which malignant lymphocytes proliferate and accumulate within blood vessels. Almost all other types of lymphoma involve the proliferation and accumulation of malignant lymphocytes in lymph nodes, other parts of the lymphatic system (e.g. the spleen), and various non-lymphatic organs (e.g. bone marrow and liver) but not in blood vessels.
Two histologic patterns of pathology in involved lymphoid tissues are described, 1) a follicular lymphoma-like pattern in which malignant T FH cells form nodules and 2) a progressive transformation of germinal centers-like pattern in which malignant T FH cells from irregularly-shaped nodules surrounded by immunoglobulin D positive mantle cells ...
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