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For Jains, vegetarianism is mandatory. In 2021 it was found that 92% of self-identified Jains in India adhered to some type of vegetarian diet and another 5% seem to try to follow a mostly vegetarian diet by abstaining from eating certain kinds of meat and/or abstaining from eating meat on specific days. [16]
Sallekhanā is the last vow prescribed by the Jain ethical code of conduct. The vow of sallekhanā is observed by the Jain ascetics and lay votaries at the end of their life by gradually reducing the intake of food and liquids. [9] [10] [2] This practice has been subject to ongoing debate by human rights experts. [2]
Jainism (/ ˈ dʒ eɪ n ɪ z əm / JAY-niz-əm), also known as Jain Dharma, [1] is an Indian religion.Jainism traces its spiritual ideas and history through the succession of twenty-four tirthankaras (supreme preachers of dharma), with the first in the current time cycle being Rishabhadeva, whom the tradition holds to have lived millions of years ago, the twenty-third tirthankara Parshvanatha ...
Jainism is perhaps the only religion in the world that requires all its adherents to follow a strict vegetarian diet. [32] Vegetarian food that also involves more harm to the living beings such as roots, bulbs, multi seeded vegetables etc. are avoided by strict Jains. The importance of ahimsa manifests in many other ways in the daily life of Jains.
Sallekhana (IAST: sallekhanā), also known as samlehna, santhara, samadhi-marana or sanyasana-marana, [1] is a supplementary vow to the ethical code of conduct of Jainism.It is the religious practice of voluntarily fasting to death by gradually reducing the intake of food and liquids. [2]
Several Jain texts including Tattvarthsutra mentions the six external austerities that can be performed: [27] 'Fasting' to promote self-control and discipline, destruction of attachment. 'Diminished diet' is intended to develop vigilance in self-control, suppression of evils, contentment and study with ease.
The Digambara Jains recite the ten chapters of the Jain text, Tattvartha Sutra on ten days of Das Lakshan Parva. The sixth day of the festival is celebrated as Sugandh Dashami by the Digambar Community. Digambaras celebrate Ananta Chaturdashi on which a special worship is done. Many towns have a procession leading to the main Jain temple.
The religion of Jains included women in their fourfold sangha; the religious order of Jain laymen, laywomen, monks and nuns. [18] There was a disagreement between early Hinduism, and ascetic movements such as Jainism with the scriptural access to women. [ 18 ]