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Common tool bit types are: square end cutters, ball end cutters, t-slot cutters, and shell mills. Square end cutters can mill square slots, pockets, and edges. Ball end cutters mill radiused slots or fillets. T-slot cutters mill exactly that: T-shaped slots. Shell end cutters are used for large flat surfaces and for angle cuts.
Milling cutters may have from one to many teeth, with two, three and four being most common. Typically, the more teeth a cutter has, the more rapidly it can remove material. So, a 4-tooth cutter can remove material at twice the rate of a two-tooth cutter. Helix angle: The flutes of a milling cutter are almost always helical. If the flutes were ...
The cutting surfaces of a milling cutter are generally made of a hard and temperature-resistant material, so that they wear slowly. A low cost cutter may have surfaces made of high speed steel. More expensive but slower-wearing materials include cemented carbide. Thin film coatings may be applied to decrease friction or further increase ...
They come in a variety of thicknesses and size, allowing them to be stacked up or to support a workpiece which doesn't have a flat profile. Parallels commonly have a series of holes drilled on the 'front' face - allowing them to be used to position a workpiece or secured using t-slot clamps, and a countersink on each side to remove any sharp edges.
Milling is the machining process of using rotary cutters to remove material [2] from a workpiece advancing (or feeding) in a direction at an angle with the axis of the tool. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] It covers a wide variety of operations and machines, on scales from small individual parts to large, heavy-duty gang milling operations.
Top and Front view of a milled undercut slot. In milling the spindle is where a cutting tool is mounted. In some situations material must be cut from a direction where the feature can not be seen from the perspective of the spindle and requires special tooling to reach behind the visible material. An example of a machining undercut