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Fecal elastase is a medical test that measures how well the pancreas is functioning. The fecal elastase test measures the concentration of the elastase-3B enzyme found in fecal matter with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay . Results of this test can give a good indication of exocrine pancreatic status, and the test is less invasive and ...
Pancreatic elastase is a compact globular protein with a hydrophobic core. This enzyme is formed by three subunits. Each subunit binds one calcium ion ().There are three important metal-binding sites in amino acids 77, 82, 87. [4]
The latter is a less used test that assesses exocrine function in the pancreas by inserting a tube into the small intestine to collect pancreatic secretions. The fecal elastase test is a less cumbersome test that has replaced the 72-hour fecal fat test; in the fecal elastase test, pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (enzyme supplementation ...
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency can be confirmed by also checking a fecal elastase level, with low levels specifying exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. [3] A quantitative fecal fat test can also be done to quantify the fat levels in the stool and confirm the presence of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. [3]
A fecal pH test may be used to determine lactose intolerance or the presence of an infection. [13] Steatorrhea can be diagnosed using a fecal fat test, which checks for the malabsorption of fat. [14] Faecal elastase levels are becoming the mainstay of pancreatitis diagnosis.
However, both enzymes can be elevated in other disease states. In chronic pancreatitis, the fecal pancreatic elastase-1 (FPE-1) test is a marker of exocrine pancreatic function. Additional tests that may be useful in evaluating chronic pancreatitis include hemoglobin A1C, immunoglobulin G4, rheumatoid factor, and anti-nuclear antibody. [32]
Note that "pancreatic elastase 1" is, in fact, not found in the pancreas, but produced in the skin. [5] "Pancreatic elastase 1" (CELA1) is expressed in skin keratinocytes. [6] Neutrophil elastase breaks down the Outer membrane protein A (OmpA) of E. coli and other Gram-negative bacteria, killing the bacterium carrying the protein. [7]
Quantitative fecal fat tests measure and report an amount of fat. This is usually done over a period of three days, the patient collecting all of their feces into a container. The container is thoroughly mixed to homogenize the feces, without using specific mixer equipment. A small sample from the feces is collected.