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1.10 MeSH F03.650 – neurotic disorders 1.11 MeSH F03.675 – personality disorders 1.12 MeSH F03.700 – schizophrenia and disorders with psychotic features
The onset of the deficits has been between the ages of 40 and 90 years and finally there must be an absence of other diseases capable of producing a dementia syndrome. Possible Alzheimer's disease: There is a dementia syndrome with an atypical onset, presentation or progression; and without a known etiology; but no co-morbid diseases capable of ...
PART can be further categorized as symptomatic (cognitive impairment and dementia) and asymptomatic (no signs of dementia). [ 7 ] [ 6 ] One current hypothesis suggests that PART related dementia could be infrequent in younger populations, but may show symptomatic onset within oldest old (people greater than 90 years old). [ 11 ]
Dementia may occur when neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular pathologies are mixed, as in susceptible elderly people (75 years and older). [2] [5] Cognitive decline can be traced back to occurrence of successive strokes. [4] ICD-11 lists vascular dementia as dementia due to cerebrovascular disease. [1]
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that usually starts slowly and progressively worsens. [2] It is the cause of 60–70% of cases of dementia. [2] [15] The most common early symptom is difficulty in remembering recent events. [1]
The most common type of mixed dementia is Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. [93] This particular type of mixed dementia's main onsets are a mixture of old age, high blood pressure, and damage to blood vessels in the brain. [15] Diagnosis of mixed dementia can be difficult, as often only one type will predominate.
Because of this, the specific names of these types of this dementia, including Binswanger's disease were lost. [4] This was until 1992 when Alzheimer's diagnostic centers created specific criteria known as the Hachinski Ischemic Scale (after Dr. Vladimir Hachinski) which became the standard for diagnosing MID or vascular dementia. [21]
Compared to late onset dementia, patients with early onset dementia are more likely to have dementias other than Alzheimer's disease, although Alzheimer's is the most common etiology in either case. [11] In general, early onset dementia has a faster progression and features more extensive neurological damage when compared to late onset dementia.