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Traditional theory of Islamic jurisprudence elaborates how the scriptures (Quran and hadith) should be interpreted from the standpoint of linguistics and rhetoric. [2] It also comprises methods for establishing authenticity of hadith and for determining when the legal force of a scriptural passage is abrogated by a passage revealed at a later ...
Ijtihad (/ ˌ ɪ dʒ t ə ˈ h ɑː d / IJ-tə-HAHD; [1] Arabic: اجتهاد ijtihād [ʔidʒ.tihaːd], lit. ' physical effort ' or ' mental effort ') [2] is an Islamic legal term referring to independent reasoning by an expert in Islamic law, [3] or the thorough exertion of a jurist's mental faculty in finding a solution to a legal question. [2]
The faqih who fulfills all conditions of ijtihad is sometimes referred to as a Mujtahid Mutlaq or Unrestricted Jurist-Scholar, while one who has not reached that level generally will have mastered the methodology (usul) used by one or more of the prominent madhhab and will be able to apply this methodology to arrive at the traditional legal ...
Recommended precaution (Arabic: احتياط مستحب, romanized: Ihtiyat Mustahabb) is a fiqh term, prominently used by Shi'a marjas when giving fatwas. Ihtiyat is an action in such a way that includes certain knowledge to original Taklif.
[2] [4] Since around 1940, marja-i taqlids are often referred to by their followers with the honorific title of Ayatollah al-`Uzma (Grand Ayatollah – "ayatollah" meaning "sign of God"). [2] Among the functions of marja-i taqlids is the collection and distribution of religious taxes ( zakat and khums ).
A copy of the Qur'an, one of the primary sources of Sharia. The Qur'an is the first and most important source of Islamic law. Believed to be the direct word of God as revealed to Muhammad through angel Gabriel in Mecca and Medina, the scripture specifies the moral, philosophical, social, political and economic basis on which a society should be constructed.
Ijma' (Arabic: إجماع, romanized: ijmāʿ, lit. 'consensus', IPA: [ʔid͡ʒ.maːʕ]) is an Arabic term referring to the consensus or agreement of the Islamic community on a point of Islamic law.
In Shia Islam, taqlid "denotes the following or "imitating" of the dictates of a mujtahid". [10] Following the greater occultation ( al-ghaybatu 'l-kubra ) in 941 CE (329 AH), the Twelver Shia are obliged to observe taqlid in their religious jurisprudential affairs by following the teachings of a thinker ( mujtahid ) or jurist ( faqih ). [ 11 ]