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The Franco-Dutch War of 1672–78 was the source of all the other wars that were ended formally at Nijmegen. Separate peace treaties were arranged for conflicts like the Third Anglo-Dutch War and the Scanian War, but all of them had been directly caused by and form part of the Franco-Dutch War.
The peace talks that began at Nijmegen in 1676 were given a greater sense of urgency in November 1677 when William of Orange married his cousin Mary, Charles II of England's niece. An Anglo-Dutch defensive alliance followed in March 1678, [a] although English troops did not arrive in significant numbers until late May. [11]
Frontière de fer or pré carré is the name given in military historiography to the double line of fortresses that king Louis XIV of France had constructed after the Peace of Nijmegen in 1678 to protect what was then Northern France against foreign invasion, and to be used as operational bases against foreign enemies in the years of the Nine Years' War and the War of the Spanish Succession.
The Treaties of Nijmegen (1678) and the earlier Peace of Westphalia (1648) provided Louis XIV with the justification for the Reunions. These treaties had awarded France territorial gains, but owing to the vagaries of their language (as with most treaties of the time) they were notoriously imprecise and self-contradictory, and never specified ...
This silver medal is a beautiful example of his work and was specially made to commemorate the peace treaties signed in Nijmegen. The medal features a panorama of the city of Nijmegen with various negotiators in the foreground. At the top are the city arms on a banderole, with the words: FIRMATA NEOMAGI PAX 1678 (peace signed in Nijmegen 1678).
Dutch trade, science, armed forces, and art were among the most acclaimed in the world during much of the 17th century, a period which became known as the Dutch Golden Age. The republic was a confederation of provinces, each with a high degree of independence from the federal assembly, known as the States General .
Late-17th-century engraving of the monument and two of the three-columned lanterns. The Louis XIV Victory Monument was an elaborate trophy memorial celebrating the military and domestic successes of the early decades of Louis XIV's personal rule, primarily those during the Franco-Dutch War of 1672–1678, on the Place des Victoires (Victories' Square) in central Paris.
1618 - Collector of Roman antiquities Johannes Smetius moves to Nijmegen. [5] 1646 - Belvédère (Nijmegen) (tower) built. [2] 1656 - University of Nijmegen established. [6] 1678 - European peace treaty signed in Nijmegen. [1] 1679 - University of Nijmegen closed. [6] 1756 - Nijmegen Synagogue consecrated in Benedenstad (Nijmegen) . [7]