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The full list of powers is available on the Australian Parliament's website. In modern times, the most prominent heads of power for Commonwealth legislative purposes are arguably: (i) the interstate trade and commerce power, (ii) the taxation power, (xx) the corporations power, and (xxix) the external affairs power. This is because these ...
Reserved powers, residual powers, or residuary powers are the powers that are neither prohibited to be exercised by an organ of government, nor given by law to any other organ of government. Such powers, as well as a general power of competence , nevertheless may exist because it is impractical to detail in legislation every act allowed to be ...
Constitutional law in the Commonwealth of Australia consists mostly of that body of doctrine which interprets the Commonwealth Constitution. The Constitution itself is embodied in clause 9 of the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act, which was passed by the British Parliament in 1900 after its text had been negotiated in Australian Constitutional Conventions in the 1890s and approved by ...
Section 51 contains a list of topics Commonwealth Parliament is permitted to legislate upon (known as the heads of power). [33] States may also legislate upon these topics, but Commonwealth law prevails in the event of inconsistency between the laws. [34] Section 52 contains a brief list of topics that only the Commonwealth may legislate upon. [35]
List of chief ministers of the Northern Territory by time in office; Chief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory. List of chief ministers of the Australian Capital Territory by time in office; Prime Minister of Australia. List of prime ministers of Australia by time in office; List of longest-serving members of the Parliament of Australia
In its design, Australia's federal system was modelled closely on the American federal system.This included: enumeration of the powers of parliament (s. 51) and not those of the States, with the States being assigned a broad 'residual' power instead (s. 108); a 'supremacy' clause (s. 109); strong bicameralism, with a Senate in which the States are equally represented notwithstanding great ...
The Commonwealth power to legislate for marriage and 'matrimonial causes' is supported by paragraphs 51(xxi) and (xxii) of the Constitution, whereas the power to legislate for de facto financial matters relies on referrals by States to the Commonwealth in accordance with paragraph 51(xxxvii) of the Constitution.
The result is that states rely on Commonwealth grants to fund state-provided services such as schools and hospitals. The power to distribute funds to states on conditions has expanded the sphere of Commonwealth power through dictating policy through conditional grants. This limits the autonomy and power of the states in controlling policy. [2]