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In this case, sufficient water addition can cool the core and stop core damage progression." [ 8 ] Rapid oxidation – "The next stage of core damage, beginning at approximately 1,500 K (1,230 °C), is the rapid oxidation of the Zircaloy by steam.
The Core Spray system, or Low-Pressure Core Spray system is designed to suppress steam generated by a major contingency and to ensure adequate core cooling for a partially or fully uncovered reactor core. LPCS can deliver up to 48,000 L/min (12,500 US gal/min) of water in a deluge from the top of the core.
Water is an extreme case: in extreme heat, it can boil, producing effective voids in the reactor core without destroying the physical structure of the core; this tends to shut down the reaction and reduce the possibility of a fuel meltdown.
In the case of a loss of coolant accident (LOCA), the water-loss of the primary cooling system can be compensated with normal water pumped into the cooling circuit. On the other hand, the standby liquid control (SLC) system (SLCS) consists of a solution containing boric acid , which acts as a neutron poison and rapidly floods the core in case ...
Since heavy water is less efficient than light water at slowing neutrons, [13] CANDU needs a larger moderator-to-fuel ratio and a larger core for the same power output. Although a calandria-based core is cheaper to build, its size increases the cost for standard features like the containment building. Generally nuclear plant construction and ...
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