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Magneto components. Impulse coupling components. An ignition magneto (also called a high-tension magneto) is an older type of ignition system used in spark-ignition engines (such as petrol engines). It uses a magneto and a transformer to make pulses of high voltage for the spark plugs. The older term "high-tension" means "high-voltage". [1]
A Wright R-3350 radial engine, showing, R to L, propeller shaft, reduction gearcase, magneto (silver) with wiring, two cylinders (rear with connecting rod), impellor casing (and induction pipe outlets) and injection carburetor (black); separate accessory gearbox at extreme left. Data from Jane's. [9]
Free-piston engine used as a gas generator to drive a turbine. A free-piston engine is a linear, 'crankless' internal combustion engine, in which the piston motion is not controlled by a crankshaft but determined by the interaction of forces from the combustion chamber gases, a rebound device (e.g., a piston in a closed cylinder) and a load device (e.g. a gas compressor or a linear alternator).
The Rotax 503 is piston ported with air-cooled cylinders and heads, utilizing either an engine driven fan and cowl, or free air cooling. Lubrication is either by use of pre-mixed fuel and oil or oil injection from an externally mounted oil tank. The 503 has dual independent breakerless, magneto capacitor-discharge ignition (CDI) systems.
For redundancy, virtually all piston engine aircraft are fitted with two magneto systems, each supplying power to one of two spark plugs in each cylinder. Magnetos were used for specialized isolated power systems such as arc lamp systems or lighthouses, for which their simplicity was an advantage.
As batteries became more common in cars (due to the increased usage of electric starter motors), magneto systems were replaced by systems using an induction coil.The 1886 Benz Patent-Motorwagen and the 1908 Ford Model T used a trembler coil ignition system, whereby the trembler interrupted the current through the coil and caused a rapid series of sparks during each firing.
The engines are all carburetor-equipped, feature dual magneto ignition and have a displacement of 233 cubic inches (3.82 L). The first O-235 model was certified on 11 February 1942. [2] The O-235 was developed into the lighter-weight Lycoming IO-233 engine for light sport aircraft. [3]
The expansion ratio of this engine was much more effective than that of the 1860 Lenoir engine and gave the engine its superior efficiency. The Lenoir engine was an engine that burned fuel without first trying to compress the fuel/mixture. The Otto/Langen atmospheric engine ran at 12% efficiency and produced .5 hp (0.37 kW; 0.51 PS) at 80 RPM.