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Nishada (niṣāda) is a tribe mentioned in ancient Indian literature (such as the epic Mahabharata).The ancient texts mention several kingdoms ruled by this tribe. [1]In the Mahabharata, the Nishadas are described as hunters, fishermen, mountaineers or raiders that have the hills and the forests as their abode. [2]
Nishada is the seventh svara in an octave or Saptak. Nishada is the immediate next svara of Dhaivat (Dha). The svara of Nishada is Komal and Shuddha. It is said that Shadja is the basic svara from which all the other 6 svaras are produced. When we break the word Shadja then we get, Shad And Ja.
The following is the information about Shadaj and its importance in Indian classical music : . Shadaj is the first svara in an octave or Saptak.; Shadaj is also the first and the main svara in a raga.
It denotes the set of swaras i.e. Shadja (Sa), Rishabha (Ri), Gāndhāra (Ga), Madhyama (Ma), Panchama (Pa), Dhaivat (Dha), Nishada (Ni), Shadja (Sa) which comprise a musical scale in Indian classical music. In Sanskrit, saptak literally means "containing seven" and is derived from the Sanskrit word Sapta which means "seven".
Swara (Sanskrit: स्वर) or svara [1] is an Indian classical music term that connotes simultaneously a breath, a vowel, a note, the sound of a musical note corresponding to its name, and the successive steps of the octave, or saptanka.
Ni (Nishada) - Shuddha, Kaishiki, and Kakali Nishadham in increasing order of pitch; However, there are only some combinations that are allowed. For instance, only Shatshruthi Ri can combine with Antara Gandhara and only Chathushruti Rishabha can combine with Sadharana and Antara Gandhara. Likewise, the same principle holds good for Dha and Ni.
The note Shadja (Sa) originates from the Muladhara chakra, whose presiding deity is Ganesha. It is also associated with the notes Gandhara ( ga ) and Nishada ( ni ), the latter is often compared with an elephant's sound – thus suitable for the elephant-headed god.
When we break the word Shadja then we get, Shad And Ja. It means that Shad is 6 and ja is 'giving birth' in Marathi. [3] So basically the translation is : षड् - 6, ज -जन्म . Therefore, it collectively means giving birth to the other 6 notes of the music. So the svara Ga is formed from Shadja. The frequency of Gandhara is 300 Hz.