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Social distance can emerge between groups that differ on a variety of dimensions, including culture, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic class. [17] Construal level theory suggests that greater social distance can contribute to a reliance on stereotypes when evaluating socially distant individuals/groups. [18]
The social distance corollary is a theory in communication research that concerns the tendency of people to perceive others to be more susceptible to media influence than they actually are. This tendency is at the heart of the third-person effect, a phenomenon first defined and investigated by Davison (1983).
The Bogardus social distance scale is a cumulative scale (a Guttman scale), because agreement with any item implies agreement with all preceding items. Research by Bogardus first in 1925 and then repeated in 1946, 1956, and 1966 shows that the extent of social distancing in the US is decreasing slightly and fewer distinctions are being made ...
In CLT, psychological distance is defined on several dimensions—temporal, spatial, social and hypothetical distance being considered most important, [3] though there is some debate among social psychologists about further dimensions like informational, experiential or affective distance. [4] The theory was developed by the Israeli social ...
In comparison to other forms of social distance and difference (such as class, gender, and even ethnicity) the distance of the stranger has to do with his "origins". The stranger is perceived as extraneous to the group and even though he is in constant relation to other group members; his "distance" is more emphasized than his "nearness". [2]
Social distance between parties (symmetric relation) Distinguishes kin or friend from a stranger with whom one may have the same social status, but who is still separate because of social distance. Different acts may be seen as face-threatening or non-face threatening depending on the social distance between speaker and listener
The social penetration theory (SPT) proposes that as relationships develop, interpersonal communication moves from relatively shallow, non-intimate levels to deeper, more intimate ones. [1] The theory was formulated by psychologists Irwin Altman of the University of Utah [ 2 ] and Dalmas Taylor of the University of Delaware [ 3 ] in 1973 to ...
In second-language acquisition, the acculturation model is a theory proposed by John Schumann to describe the acquisition process of a second language (L2) by members of ethnic minorities [1] that typically include immigrants, migrant workers, or the children of such groups. [2]