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  2. Enteropeptidase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteropeptidase

    Enteropeptidase (also called enterokinase) is an enzyme produced by cells of the duodenum and is involved in digestion in humans and other animals. Enteropeptidase converts trypsinogen (a zymogen ) into its active form trypsin , resulting in the subsequent activation of pancreatic digestive enzymes .

  3. Cancer biomarker - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_biomarker

    Response to treatment is thus associated with reduced levels of S100-beta in the blood of such individuals. [ 37 ] [ 38 ] Similarly, additional laboratory research has shown that tumor cells undergoing apoptosis can release cellular components such as cytochrome c , nucleosomes , cleaved cytokeratin-18 , and E-cadherin .

  4. Enterocyte - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterocyte

    It is thought to cross into the blood capillary using one of the other GLUT transporters. Peptide and amino acid uptake. Peptidases in the glycocalyx cleave proteins to amino acids or small peptides. Enteropeptidase (also known as enterokinase) is responsible for activating pancreatic trypsinogen into trypsin, which activates other pancreatic ...

  5. PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PD-1_and_PD-L1_inhibitors

    PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors act to inhibit the association of the programmed death-ligand 1 with its receptor, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). The interaction of these cell surface proteins is involved in the suppression of the immune system and occurs following infection to limit the killing of bystander host cells and prevent autoimmune ...

  6. Hyperproteinemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperproteinemia

    Hyperproteinemia is the state of having overly high levels of protein in the blood. This can occur due to monoclonal gammopathies such as multiple myeloma and after intravenous immunoglobulin has been given. [1] It can result in a falsely low appearing sodium level (hyponatremia). [1]

  7. Trypsin inhibitor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trypsin_inhibitor

    A trypsin inhibitor (TI) is a protein and a type of serine protease inhibitor that reduces the biological activity of trypsin by controlling the activation and catalytic reactions of proteins. [1] Trypsin is an enzyme involved in the breakdown of many different proteins , primarily as part of digestion in humans and other animals such as ...

  8. Pembrolizumab - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pembrolizumab

    Micrograph showing a PD-L1 positive non-small cell lung carcinoma. PD-L1 immunostain. As of 2019, pembrolizumab is used via intravenous infusion to treat inoperable or metastatic melanoma, metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in certain situations, as a first-line treatment for metastatic bladder cancer in patients who cannot receive cisplatin-based chemotherapy and have high levels ...

  9. Serine protease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serine_protease

    Coagulation factor levels may be required in the diagnosis of hemorrhagic or thrombotic conditions. Fecal elastase is employed to determine the exocrine activity of the pancreas, e.g., in cystic fibrosis or chronic pancreatitis. Serum prostate-specific antigen is used in prostate cancer screening, risk stratification, and post-treatment monitoring.

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